Pedersen H D
Department of Clinical Studies, Small Animal Hospital, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
Acta Vet Scand. 1996;37(1):109-18. doi: 10.1186/BF03548123.
In 23 Cavalier King Charles Spaniels, 12 with mild mitral valve insufficiency (MVI) and 11 controls, the activity of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) was assessed by measuring the plasma renin activity (PRA) and plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) in 5 different settings. The dogs were sampled at the clinic before the trial and thereafter at home and at the clinic; during both a period on control diet and a period on low sodium diet. The dogs with mild MVI had the highest median PRA and PAC in all 5 settings. An analysis of variance accordingly showed that dogs with mild MVI had significantly higher PRA (p < 0.0001) and PAC (p = 0.03) than controls, and that the sodium intake and place of blood sampling did not significantly affect this finding. The sodium intake had highly significant effects on PRA and PAC, and the place of blood sampling had no significant effects on PRA and PAC. The activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme in serum was lower in dogs with mild MVI than in controls (p = 0.0002). The plasma levels of endothelin-1, atrial natriuretic peptide, and arginine vasopressin, 3 peptides of pathophysiologic importance in congestive heart failure, were not significantly changed by the disease. The early activation of the RAS in dogs with MVI suggests that the valvular disease process itself might be the cause of the activation, but confirmation of this requires further studies.
在23只骑士查理王小猎犬中，12只患有轻度二尖瓣关闭不全（MVI），11只为对照犬，通过在5种不同情况下测量血浆肾素活性（PRA）和血浆醛固酮浓度（PAC）来评估肾素-血管紧张素系统（RAS）的活性。这些犬在试验前于诊所采样，此后在家中和诊所采样；在对照饮食期和低钠饮食期均进行采样。患有轻度MVI的犬在所有5种情况下的PRA和PAC中位数最高。方差分析结果显示，患有轻度MVI的犬的PRA（p < 0.0001）和PAC（p = 0.03）显著高于对照犬，并且钠摄入量和采血地点对这一结果没有显著影响。钠摄入量对PRA和PAC有高度显著影响，而采血地点对PRA和PAC没有显著影响。轻度MVI犬血清中的血管紧张素转换酶活性低于对照犬（p = 0.0002）。充血性心力衰竭中具有病理生理重要性的3种肽，即内皮素-1、心房利钠肽和精氨酸加压素的血浆水平，并未因该疾病而发生显著变化。MVI犬中RAS的早期激活表明瓣膜疾病过程本身可能是激活的原因，但对此的证实需要进一步研究。
