Reijula K, Haahtela T, Klaukka T, Rantanen J
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Department of Allergic Diseases, University Central Hospital Social Insurance Institution of Finland, Helsinki.
Chest. 1996 Jul;110(1):58-61. doi: 10.1378/chest.110.1.58.
To investigate the incidence of occupational asthma and its relationship to new cases of persistent asthma, the data was collected from two national registers which cover practically all new cases of both diseases. In 1986 to 1993, the annual incidence of persistent asthma in adults (from 15 to 64 years) increased from 6,645 to 8,056 (21%). The incidence of asthma in women increased from 3,302 to 4,717 (43%). In the age group of 15 to 29 the increase was 91%, in 30 to 49 it was 60%, and in 50 to 64 the increase was 7%. Among men, the annual incidence remained stable. However, in the age group of 15 to 29 it increased by 87%, in 30 to 49 by 46%, while a decrease of 43% was detected in the age group of 50 to 64 years. During the same period, the annual incidence of occupational asthma increased from 227 to 386 (70%), from 109 to 185 (70%) in women and from 118 to 201 (70%) in men. In 1993 the population in Finland in the age range from 15 to 64 was 2.026 million. Thus, the incidence of persistent asthma was 0.4%. The proportion of newly diagnosed occupational asthma out of all new cases of asthma was 4.8%.
为了调查职业性哮喘的发病率及其与持续性哮喘新病例的关系，数据取自两个全国性登记处，它们几乎涵盖了这两种疾病的所有新病例。1986年至1993年，成年人（15至64岁）中持续性哮喘的年发病率从6645例增至8056例（增长21%）。女性哮喘发病率从3302例增至4717例（增长43%）。在15至29岁年龄组中增长了91%，30至49岁年龄组增长了60%，50至64岁年龄组增长了7%。男性的年发病率保持稳定。然而，在15至29岁年龄组中增长了87%，30至49岁年龄组增长了46%，而在50至64岁年龄组中则下降了43%。同一时期，职业性哮喘的年发病率从227例增至386例（增长70%），女性从109例增至185例（增长70%），男性从118例增至201例（增长70%）。1993年，芬兰15至64岁年龄段的人口为202.6万。因此，持续性哮喘的发病率为0.4%。新诊断的职业性哮喘病例在所有哮喘新病例中所占比例为4.8%。
