Moellering R C, Wennersten C, Kunz L J, Poitras J W
Am J Med. 1977 Jun;62(6):873-81. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(77)90655-6.
Susceptibility to the administration of gentamicin, tobramycin and amikacin was determined for all isolates of aerobic and facultative gram-negative bacilli submitted for testing to the clinical bacteriology laboratory of the Massachusetts General Hospital between July 1, 1974, and June 30, 1976. In this 24-month period more than 46,000 isolates of bacteria were tested by the single-disc diffusion (Bauer-Kirby) method. Resistance to one or more of the aforementioned aminoglycosidic aminocyclitol antibiotics was found among 4,114 stains. Correlation with quantitative susceptibility test methods revealed that disc-diffusion methods using 10 microng discs accurately predicted resistance to gentamicin and tobramycin, but overestimated the prevalence of resistance to amikacin by 20 to 60%. Most of the gentamicin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in this study were also cross-resistant to tobramycin but were susceptible to amikacin. Many gentamicin-resistant strains of Ps. aeruginosa were susceptible to both tobramycin and amikacin. Resistance to amikacin tended to be of relatively low magnitude (most had minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC's) between 31 and 125 microng/ml), but organisms which were resistant to the administration of amikacin were usually resistant to the other two aminoglycosidic antibiotics as well.
1974年7月1日至1976年6月30日期间，对提交至马萨诸塞州总医院临床细菌学实验室进行检测的所有需氧及兼性革兰氏阴性杆菌分离株进行了庆大霉素、妥布霉素和阿米卡星的药敏试验。在这24个月期间，采用单纸片扩散法（鲍尔-柯比法）对46,000多株细菌分离株进行了检测。在4,114株菌株中发现了对上述一种或多种氨基糖苷类氨基环醇抗生素耐药。与定量药敏试验方法的相关性表明，使用10微克纸片的纸片扩散法能准确预测对庆大霉素和妥布霉素的耐药性，但对阿米卡星耐药率的估计高估了20%至60%。本研究中大多数耐庆大霉素的肠杆菌科细菌对妥布霉素也交叉耐药，但对阿米卡星敏感。许多耐庆大霉素的铜绿假单胞菌菌株对妥布霉素和阿米卡星均敏感。对阿米卡星的耐药性往往程度相对较低（大多数最小抑菌浓度（MIC）在31至125微克/毫升之间），但对阿米卡星耐药的菌株通常对其他两种氨基糖苷类抗生素也耐药。
