Gunzelmann T, Schumacher J, Brähler E
Abteilung für Medizinische Psychologie und Medizinische Soziologie, Universität Leipzig- Universitätsklinikum.
Z Gerontol Geriatr. 1996 Mar-Apr;29(2):110-8.
Psychosomatic and functional body complaints in the elderly became more significant in psychosomatic research and therapy during recent years. On the other hand, there is a lack of epidemiological studies on this topic. The present paper presents results of a study with a community sample of 764 elderly older than 60 years. Body complaints were self-rated by the Giessener Beschwerdebogen (The Giessen Subjective Complaints List) GBB (Brähler and Scheer, 1995). This study presents age-specific and sex-specific norms for the GBB. Compared to representative samples of younger people (< 30 years of age, 30-60 years of age) we found a significantly higher amount of body complaints in the elderly (exhaustion, stomach trouble, rheumatic pains, heart trouble, and the sum score of body complaints). Within the age group over 60 years, there is an increasing amount of body complaints with higher age. The amount of body complaints is higher for women than for men. Besides analyzing age-specific and sex-specific body complaints, the correlation with personality characteristics and with life satisfaction and the influence of health-related beliefs were analyzed. There were greater body complaints in elderly with depressive mood and with low internal control beliefs regarding health. The elderly that consider the psychological influence on health significant experience a greater amount of body complaints than the other.
近年来，老年群体的身心及功能性身体不适在身心研究和治疗中变得愈发重要。另一方面，关于这一主题的流行病学研究较为匮乏。本文呈现了一项针对764名60岁以上老年人的社区样本研究结果。身体不适通过吉森主观症状清单（Giessener Beschwerdebogen，GBB）（Brähler和Scheer，1995年）进行自评。本研究给出了GBB的年龄和性别特异性常模。与较年轻人群（<30岁、30 - 60岁）的代表性样本相比，我们发现老年人的身体不适（疲惫、胃部问题、风湿疼痛、心脏问题以及身体不适总分）明显更多。在60岁以上年龄组中，身体不适的数量随年龄增长而增加。女性的身体不适数量多于男性。除了分析年龄和性别特异性身体不适外，还分析了其与人格特征、生活满意度的相关性以及健康相关信念的影响。情绪抑郁且对健康的内控信念较低的老年人身体不适更多。认为心理对健康影响显著的老年人比其他老年人身体不适更多。
