Tanabe T, Sato H, Sato H, Watanabe K, Hirano M, Hirose K, Kurokawa S, Nakano K, Saito H, Maehara N
Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Kitasato University, Towada, Japan.
Vet Microbiol. 1996 Jan;48(1-2):9-17. doi: 10.1016/0378-1135(95)00144-1.
Staphylococcus hyicus was isolated from healthy pigs and pigs affected with exudative epidermitis (EE). Thirty seven strains (P-7 to P-43) were isolated from pigs affected with EE on 8 farms while 131 strains were isolated from healthy pigs bred on 2 farms in Japan. Isolation rate for pigs affected with EE was 100% while that for healthy pigs was 35.4%. The biochemical and cultural characteristics of the isolates from healthy and diseased pigs were identical except for the Voges-Proskauer reaction. The culture supernatant of many isolates caused skin exfoliation in 1-day-old chickens. Therefore, many isolates were considered to produce S. hyicus exfoliative toxin (shET). The rate of shET production by the isolates from piglets affected with EE was 87.5%, while that of the isolates from healthy pigs was 76.1%. shETs were divided in two serotypes by immunodiffusion. Piglets experimentally infected with shET-producing and nonproducing strains were observed. Local skin erythema at the inoculation site was observed with nonproducing strains and disappeared within 48 h, while the skin erythema at the sites inoculated with shET-producing strains did not disappear until 7 days after inoculation. Typical clinical signs, such as exfoliation, exudation and crusting were observed only in the piglets inoculated with shET-producing strains.
从健康猪和患有渗出性皮炎（EE）的猪中分离出了猪葡萄球菌。从日本8个农场患有EE的猪中分离出37株菌株（P-7至P-43），同时从2个农场饲养的健康猪中分离出131株菌株。患有EE的猪的分离率为100%，而健康猪的分离率为35.4%。除了Voges-Proskauer反应外，来自健康猪和患病猪的分离株的生化和培养特性相同。许多分离株的培养上清液在1日龄雏鸡中引起皮肤脱落。因此，许多分离株被认为产生猪葡萄球菌剥脱毒素（shET）。患有EE的仔猪分离株产生shET的比率为87.5%，而健康猪分离株的比率为76.1%。通过免疫扩散将shETs分为两种血清型。观察了用产生shET和不产生shET的菌株进行实验性感染的仔猪。不产生shET的菌株在接种部位观察到局部皮肤红斑，48小时内消失，而接种产生shET菌株部位的皮肤红斑直到接种后7天仍未消失。仅在接种产生shET菌株的仔猪中观察到典型的临床症状，如脱屑、渗出和结痂。
