Pritchard W S, Robinson J H
Psychophysiology Laboratory, Bowman Gray Technical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1996 Apr;124(3):282-4. doi: 10.1007/BF02246670.
Eight data sets relating usual-brand nicotine yield (FTC method or equivalent) to blood cotinine concentration are reviewed with respect to the so-called nicotine-"compensation" hypothesis, i.e., that all smokers achieve a specific level of nicotine in their blood, regardless of the FTC nicotine yield of the cigarette smoked. The data from the studies reviewed here indicate wide variability in blood cotinine concentrations over the range of FTC nicotine yields and that the nicotine-compensation hypothesis is not supported. On average, blood cotinine concentrations are found to be roughly midway between complete compensation (all smokers absorb equal amounts of nicotine regardless of FTC nicotine yield) and the value expected if there was no compensation (i.e., smokers absorb an amount of nicotine exactly equal to the FTC yield). As a result of individual smoking-behavior differences (number of cigarettes smoked, puff volume, puff frequency inhalation volume and depth, etc.), the data indicate that, on average, smokers achieve roughly 50% lower blood cotinine concentrations than predicted by the nicotine-compensation hypothesis.
针对所谓的尼古丁“补偿”假说，即所有吸烟者血液中的尼古丁都能达到特定水平，而不论所吸香烟的联邦贸易委员会（FTC）尼古丁产率如何，对八项将常用品牌尼古丁产率（FTC方法或等效方法）与血液可替宁浓度相关联的数据集进行了综述。此处所综述研究的数据表明，在FTC尼古丁产率范围内，血液可替宁浓度存在很大差异，且尼古丁补偿假说未得到支持。平均而言，发现血液可替宁浓度大致处于完全补偿（所有吸烟者不论FTC尼古丁产率如何都吸收等量尼古丁）和无补偿时预期值（即吸烟者吸收的尼古丁量恰好等于FTC产率）之间的中间位置。由于个体吸烟行为存在差异（吸烟数量、吸量、抽吸频率、吸入量和深度等），数据表明，平均而言，吸烟者血液中的可替宁浓度比尼古丁补偿假说预测的低约50%。
