Eckert J
Institut für Parasitologie, Veterinärmedizinische und Medizinische Fakultät der Universität Zürich.
Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr. 1996 Jun-Jul;109(6-7):202-10.
According to the present status of knowledge, endemic Echinococcus multilocularis infections in foxes (Vulpes vulpes) are known to occur in the following countries of Central Europe: Belgium (southern parts), Luxembourg, France (Massif Central and eastern parts), Switzerland (21 of 26 cantons) Liechtenstein, Austria (6 of 9 provinces), Germany (812 of 16 federal states), and Poland (northern parts). The prevalence rates of E. multilocularis are highly variable regionally and range between > 1 and > 50%. Dogs and cats are rarely infected (mostly < 1%). The incidence of human alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is low in the Central European endemic area with 0.02-1.4 new cases per year and 100,000 inhabitants. While in untreated patients the disease is mostly lethal (lethality up to > 90%) and treatment requires high expenditure, AE is of higher public health significance than indicated by the incidence rates. In addition to these aspects diagnosis, treatment and prophylaxis in final hosts (dogs, cats) and preventive measures for humans are discussed.
根据目前的知识状况，已知中欧以下国家的狐狸（赤狐）存在地方性多房棘球绦虫感染：比利时（南部地区）、卢森堡、法国（中央高原和东部地区）、瑞士（26个州中的21个）、列支敦士登、奥地利（9个省中的6个）、德国（16个联邦州中的812个）以及波兰（北部地区）。多房棘球绦虫的流行率在区域上差异很大，介于1%以上至50%以上。狗和猫很少被感染（大多低于1%）。在中欧地方性流行区，人类肺泡型棘球蚴病（AE）的发病率较低，每年每10万居民中有0.02 - 1.4例新发病例。虽然在未经治疗的患者中，该病大多致命（致死率高达90%以上）且治疗费用高昂，但AE对公共卫生的重要性高于发病率所显示的情况。除了这些方面，还讨论了终末宿主（狗、猫）的诊断、治疗和预防以及针对人类的预防措施。
