Cattermole H R, Hardy J R, Gregg P J
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital of St Cross, Rugby, United Kingdom.
Br J Sports Med. 1996 Jun;30(2):171-5. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.30.2.171.
To describe the typical tibial diaphyseal fracture ("footballer's fracture") and to clarify the circumstances and mechanism of the injury.
In an attempt to obtain a detailed analysis of the types of injury suffered, and thereby highlight areas for prevention, 100 consecutive adult football players with a tibial diaphyseal fracture were studied prospectively. Details of the circumstances and mechanism of injury were collected using a questionnaire (response rate 85%). Treatments depended on the Gustilo classification, displacement, and axial stability. Long term follow up was performed until clinical healing to define the overall prognosis.
61% of players suffered a fracture of both the tibia and the fibula. Ninety five percent of the tibial fractures were transverse or short oblique and were caused by impact during a tackle. Radiographic evidence of bridging callus was better than a classification of the bony injury for predicting weeks to clinical healing. The delayed union and non-union incidence following this injury is low. One patient suffered symptomatic shortening. One patient suffered symptomatic angulation and two patients with nonunion required bone grafting.
Tibial fracture is an expensive injury. It prevents a young population from being employed and takes up valuable NHS resources. As 85% of players were wearing shin guards, it is likely that improvements in shin guard design could reduce the rate of tibial fracture.
描述典型的胫骨干骨折（“足球运动员骨折”），并阐明损伤的情况及机制。
为了详细分析所遭受的损伤类型，从而突出预防重点，对100例连续的成年胫骨干骨折足球运动员进行前瞻性研究。使用问卷收集损伤情况及机制的详细信息（回复率85%）。治疗取决于 Gustilo 分类、移位情况及轴向稳定性。进行长期随访直至临床愈合以确定总体预后。
61%的运动员胫腓骨均发生骨折。95%的胫骨骨折为横行或短斜行，由铲球时的撞击所致。在预测临床愈合周数方面，骨痂桥接的影像学证据优于骨损伤分类。该损伤后延迟愈合和不愈合的发生率较低。1例患者出现有症状的短缩。1例患者出现有症状的成角，2例不愈合患者需要植骨。
胫骨骨折是一种代价高昂的损伤。它使年轻人群无法就业，并占用了宝贵的国民保健服务资源。由于85%的运动员佩戴了护胫，护胫设计的改进很可能会降低胫骨骨折的发生率。
