Ekstrand J, Gillquist J
Int J Sports Med. 1983 May;4(2):124-8. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1026025.
One hundred eighty players in a male soccer division were followed prospectively for 1 year to assess etiologic factors in soccer injuries. Range of motion and muscle strength in the lower extremities were measured in a preseason test. All injuries during 1 year were examined by the same orthopaedic surgeon. 42% of the injuries were considered to be due to player factors, such as joint instability, muscle tightness, inadequate rehabilitation, or lack of training. Ankle sprains were commoner in players with previous ankle sprains or clinical instability. 35% of the moderate (absence from practice greater than 1 week, less than 1 month) or major (absence greater than 1 month) injuries were preceded by minor (absence less than 1 week) injuries, reflecting inadequate rehabilitation. Players sustaining knee sprains not due to collision had reduced muscle strength in the injured leg. No other strength differences between injured and uninjured players were found. 63% of players had tight muscles. Strains more commonly affected players with muscle tightness. 71% of the injuries proved to be explicable by and associated with player factors, equipment, playing ground, or rules.
对一个男子足球联赛中的180名球员进行了为期1年的前瞻性跟踪，以评估足球运动损伤的病因。在季前测试中测量了下肢的活动范围和肌肉力量。一年内所有损伤均由同一位骨科医生进行检查。42%的损伤被认为是由球员自身因素导致的，如关节不稳定、肌肉紧张、康复不足或缺乏训练。既往有踝关节扭伤或临床不稳定的球员更容易发生踝关节扭伤。35%的中度损伤（停训超过1周、少于1个月）或重度损伤（停训超过1个月）之前有轻度损伤（停训少于1周），这反映出康复不足。非碰撞导致的膝关节扭伤球员，其受伤腿部的肌肉力量有所下降。未发现受伤球员与未受伤球员之间存在其他力量差异。63%的球员存在肌肉紧张。拉伤更常见于肌肉紧张的球员。71%的损伤被证明可归因于球员因素、装备、场地或规则，并与之相关。
