Choi P Y, Salmon P
Department of Psychology, University of Nottingham, UK.
Br J Clin Psychol. 1995 Sep;34(3):447-60. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8260.1995.tb01479.x.
Anecdotal accounts and unsystematic reports have suggested that women who exercise experience fewer premenstrual symptoms and less severe dysmenorrhoea than women who are sedentary. The present study tested this belief. Mood states and physical symptoms of 143 women were monitored for five days in each of the three phases of the cycle (mid-cycle, premenstrual and menstrual). The women were 35 competitive sportswomen, two groups of exercisers (33 high exercisers and 36 low exercisers) and 39 sedentary women. Principal component analysis of their responses to a mood and physical symptom checklist revealed five dimensions: positive affect, negative affect, physical symptoms, fatigue and irritability. Component-based subscale scores were calculated for all dimensions. In general mood and symptoms were worse menstrually and premenstrually than mid-cycle. The high exercisers experienced the greater positive affect and sedentary women the least. The high exercisers also reported the least negative affect. The differences between exercise groups were greatest during the premenstrual and menstrual phases. These results are consistent with the belief that women who frequently exercise may be to some extent protected from deterioration of mood before and during menstruation. This, however, is not the case for competitive sportswomen.
轶事记载和非系统性报告表明，与久坐不动的女性相比，进行锻炼的女性经前症状更少，痛经也没那么严重。本研究对这一观点进行了验证。在月经周期的三个阶段（月经周期中期、经前期和月经期）的每一天，对143名女性的情绪状态和身体症状进行了为期五天的监测。这些女性包括35名竞技女运动员、两组锻炼者（33名高强度锻炼者和36名低强度锻炼者）以及39名久坐不动的女性。对她们在情绪和身体症状清单上的回答进行主成分分析，揭示了五个维度：积极情绪、消极情绪、身体症状、疲劳和易怒。计算了所有维度基于成分的子量表得分。总体而言，月经期间和经前期的情绪和症状比月经周期中期更差。高强度锻炼者体验到的积极情绪最多，而久坐不动的女性体验到的最少。高强度锻炼者报告的消极情绪也最少。锻炼组之间的差异在经前期和月经期最为明显。这些结果与以下观点一致，即经常锻炼的女性在一定程度上可能免受月经前和月经期间情绪恶化的影响。然而，竞技女运动员并非如此。
