Satcher D
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
Emerg Infect Dis. 1995 Jan-Mar;1(1):1-6. doi: 10.3201/eid0101.950101.
The early history of infectious diseases was characterized by sudden, unpredictable outbreaks, frequently of epidemic proportion. Scientific advances in the late 19th and early 20th centuries resulted in the prevention and control of many infectious diseases, particularly in industrialized nations. Despite these improvements in health, outbreaks of infectious disease continue to occur, and new infections emerge. Since 1987, the National Academy of Science's Institute of Medicine (IOM) has published three reports that have identified erosion of the public health infrastructure among the factors contributing to new and reemerging infectious diseases. In partnership with many public and private organizations in the United States and abroad, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has developed a strategic plan that addresses the priorities set forth in the IOM reports and serves as a guide for CDC and its partners to combat emerging microbial threats to health. Laboratory-based surveillance, better communication networks, and improvements in the public health infrastructure are the cornerstones of the strategy. Emerging Infectious Diseases, a new periodical produced by CDC, will serve as a forum for exchange of information about incipient trends in infectious diseases, analysis of factors contributing to disease emergence, and development and implementation of prevention measures.
传染病的早期历史以突然、不可预测的爆发为特征,这些爆发往往具有流行规模。19世纪末和20世纪初的科学进步使得许多传染病得到了预防和控制,尤其是在工业化国家。尽管健康状况有了这些改善,但传染病的爆发仍在继续,新的感染也不断出现。自1987年以来,美国国家科学院医学研究所(IOM)发表了三份报告,指出公共卫生基础设施的薄弱是导致新出现和重新出现的传染病的因素之一。美国疾病控制与预防中心(CDC)与美国国内外许多公共和私人组织合作,制定了一项战略计划,该计划解决了IOM报告中提出的优先事项,并作为CDC及其合作伙伴应对新出现的对健康构成威胁的微生物的指南。基于实验室的监测、更好的通信网络以及公共卫生基础设施的改善是该战略的基石。CDC出版的新期刊《新发传染病》将作为一个论坛,用于交流有关传染病初期趋势的信息、分析导致疾病出现的因素以及预防措施的制定和实施。