Jyonouchi H, Sun S, Mizokami M, Gross M D
Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455, USA.
Nutr Cancer. 1996;26(3):313-24. doi: 10.1080/01635589609514487.
Astaxanthin, a carotenoid without provitamin A activity, enhances murine T-helper (Th) cell clone-mediated antibody (Ab) production with suboptimal antigen (Ag) challenges. It also suppresses interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) production by cloned murine Th1 cells. beta-Carotene is less effective than astaxanthin. This study evaluates the effects of various carotenoids with various relative polarity, provitamin A activity, and antioxidant activity. Carotenoids tested include astaxanthin, cantaxanthin, zeaxanthin, lutein, and lycopene, and their effects were tested at a concentration at which astaxanthin's effect was most potent. A.E7 and CDC35 cells are used as representative type 1 and type 2 Th cell (Th1 and Th2) clones, respectively. In the Th1 clone, astaxanthin, but not other carotenoids, suppressed IFN-gamma production and increased the number of Ab-secreting cells with the use of primed spleen cells. With cultures of Th1 cells and unprimed spleen cells, astaxanthin and zeaxanthin augmented the number of immunoglobulin M Ab-secreting cells. In the cultures of Th2 clone and primed spleen cells, astaxanthin, but not other carotenoids, enhanced the number of Ab-secreting cells. With unprimed spleen cells, lycopene suppressed Th2 clone-mediated Ab production. Interleukin-5 production by the Th2 clone was not significantly altered with the carotenoids tested, irrespective of the use of unprimed or primed spleen cells. Carotenoid actions on Th cells may vary in each carotenoid and do not seem to be closely associated with carotenoid antioxidant activity or relative polarity.
虾青素是一种不具有维生素A原活性的类胡萝卜素，在抗原（Ag）刺激不足的情况下，它能增强小鼠辅助性T（Th）细胞克隆介导的抗体（Ab）产生。它还能抑制克隆的小鼠Th1细胞产生干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）。β-胡萝卜素的效果不如虾青素。本研究评估了具有不同相对极性、维生素A原活性和抗氧化活性的各种类胡萝卜素的作用。所测试的类胡萝卜素包括虾青素、角黄素、玉米黄质、叶黄素和番茄红素，并在虾青素效果最显著的浓度下测试了它们的作用。A.E7和CDC35细胞分别用作1型和2型Th细胞（Th1和Th2）克隆的代表。在Th1克隆中，虾青素而非其他类胡萝卜素，在使用致敏脾细胞时抑制了IFN-γ的产生并增加了抗体分泌细胞的数量。在Th1细胞与未致敏脾细胞的培养中，虾青素和玉米黄质增加了分泌免疫球蛋白M抗体的细胞数量。在Th2克隆与致敏脾细胞的培养中，虾青素而非其他类胡萝卜素增加了抗体分泌细胞的数量。在未致敏脾细胞存在的情况下，番茄红素抑制了Th2克隆介导的抗体产生。无论使用未致敏还是致敏脾细胞，所测试的类胡萝卜素对Th2克隆产生白细胞介素-5均无显著影响。类胡萝卜素对Th细胞的作用可能因每种类胡萝卜素而异，且似乎与类胡萝卜素的抗氧化活性或相对极性没有密切关联。
