Tennant R W, Spalding J
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA.
Environ Health Perspect. 1996 Oct;104 Suppl 5(Suppl 5):1095-100. doi: 10.1289/ehp.96104s51095.
Thirty chemicals or substances currently undergoing long-term carcinogenicity bioassays in rodents have been used in a project to further evaluate methods and information that may have the capability of predicting potential carcinogens. In our predictions the principal information used includes structural alerts and in vitro test results for Salmonella mutagenicity, relative subchronic toxicity, and the sites and types of pathology found in subchronic (90-day) studies. This group of chemicals differs significantly from those used previously to evaluate predictive methods in that 23 of 30 are defined as nonmutagenic by conventional criteria. The goal of this predictive effort is to identify categorically the chemicals that have the capacity to induce cancers in both rats and mice (trans-species carcinogens) and those that are not carcinogenic in either rats or mice. Chemicals that show properties that may be associated with tumor induction in either species, i.e., species-specific cancers, are categorized as being of "uncertain predictability." This category includes chemicals believed to have limited carcinogenic potential that is manifested principally as a consequence of the genetic background of the test strain of inbred rodent.
目前正在啮齿动物身上进行长期致癌性生物测定的30种化学物质或物质，已被用于一个项目，以进一步评估可能具有预测潜在致癌物能力的方法和信息。在我们的预测中，使用的主要信息包括结构警示、沙门氏菌致突变性的体外测试结果、相对亚慢性毒性，以及在亚慢性（90天）研究中发现的病理学部位和类型。这组化学物质与先前用于评估预测方法的化学物质有显著不同，因为30种中有23种按传统标准被定义为非致突变性。这种预测工作的目标是明确识别出在大鼠和小鼠中都有诱发癌症能力的化学物质（跨物种致癌物），以及在大鼠或小鼠中都不致癌的化学物质。在任一物种中表现出可能与肿瘤诱发相关特性的化学物质，即物种特异性癌症，被归类为“预测性不确定”。这一类别包括据信具有有限致癌潜力的化学物质，其主要表现是由于近交啮齿动物测试品系的遗传背景所致。
