Murray E A, Wise S P
Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
Behav Neurosci. 1996 Dec;110(6):1261-70. doi: 10.1037//0735-7044.110.6.1261.
Rhesus monkeys were trained to learn a large series of visuomotor conditional associations, each involving the arbitrary coupling of a visual stimulus with 1 of 3 potentially correct forelimb movements. The monkeys then received bilateral aspiration lesions of either the amygdala plus subjacent cortex or the hippocampus plus subjacent cortex. Hippocampal but not amygdala removals significantly retarded the learning of new visuomotor associations. Neither lesion affected retention. The findings argue against a general role for the amygdala in associating information across modalities, construed broadly to include motor information. By contrast, the finding that the hippocampal formation and its subjacent cortex play a role in learning new sensorimotor associations supports the view that this region participates in the long-term storage of associative information or in the recall of recently acquired information.
恒河猴接受训练，学习一系列大量的视觉运动条件性关联，每一种关联都涉及将一种视觉刺激与三种潜在正确前肢运动中的一种进行任意配对。然后，这些猴子接受双侧损毁，损毁部位要么是杏仁核及其下方皮层，要么是海马体及其下方皮层。海马体切除而非杏仁核切除显著延缓了新视觉运动关联的学习。两种损毁都不影响记忆保持。这些发现反对杏仁核在跨模态关联信息（广义上包括运动信息）中起普遍作用的观点。相比之下，海马结构及其下方皮层在学习新的感觉运动关联中起作用这一发现支持了这样一种观点，即该区域参与关联信息的长期存储或最近获取信息的回忆。
