Ma J, Hine P M, Clough E R, Fish D, Coughlin R T, Beltz G A, Shew M G
Science and Technology, Mallinckrodt Veterinary, Inc., Mundelein IL 60060, USA.
Vaccine. 1996 Oct;14(14):1366-74. doi: 10.1016/s0264-410x(96)00045-x.
A subunit canine Lyme disease vaccine formulated with recombinant lipidated Osp A and OspB and saponin QS21 was assessed for safety, protective efficacy, and immunogenicity. Ten normal beagles were subcutaneously vaccinated twice at age 12 and 16 weeks, respectively. Three months after the second vaccination, the vaccinates and another 10 nonvaccinated control beagles were challenged by feeding ticks on each dog for 5 days using eight field-collected adult female and six adult male Ixodes scapularis infected with Lyme disease spirochetes per dog. Adverse reactions associated with the vaccinations were limited to injection site swellings which occurred within the first 48 h and resolved within a week. The local reaction was independent of vaccination times and tick challenge. On the basis of typical clinical signs, xenodiagnosis, and diagnostic immunoblotting, all 10 controls were infected; five developed lameness and three of them experienced at least two to three episodes of limping during a 10-month monitoring period. In contrast, eight of ten vaccinates were protected and two infected vaccinates, as judged by xenodiagnosis, were asymptomatic. None of the protected vaccinates developed antibodies to diagnostic spirochetal antigens other than OspA and OspB. In contrast, most controls produced antibodies to borrelial antigens, but not to OspA and OspB. Antibody production in vaccinates receiving a third vaccination 10 months postchallenge was greatly boosted; the geometric mean antibody titer was significantly higher (P < 0.0001) than that tested prechallenge. Thus, the subunit canine Lyme disease vaccine was safe and protective and elicited immunological memory. Vaccinated dogs were serologically distinguishable from those naturally exposed.
评估了一种由重组脂化Osp A、Osp B和皂苷QS21配制的亚单位犬莱姆病疫苗的安全性、保护效力和免疫原性。10只正常的比格犬分别在12周龄和16周龄时皮下接种两次疫苗。第二次接种后三个月，对接种疫苗的犬和另外10只未接种疫苗的对照比格犬进行攻毒，每只犬使用8只野外采集的感染莱姆病螺旋体的成年雌性肩突硬蜱和6只成年雄性肩突硬蜱叮咬5天。与疫苗接种相关的不良反应仅限于接种后48小时内出现的注射部位肿胀，并在一周内消退。局部反应与接种次数和蜱叮咬攻毒无关。根据典型临床症状、异种诊断和诊断性免疫印迹，所有10只对照犬均被感染；5只出现跛行，其中3只在10个月的监测期内至少经历了两到三次跛行发作。相比之下，10只接种疫苗的犬中有8只得到保护，通过异种诊断判断，2只感染的接种犬无症状。所有得到保护的接种犬均未产生除Osp A和Osp B以外的针对诊断性螺旋体抗原的抗体。相比之下，大多数对照犬产生了针对疏螺旋体抗原的抗体，但未产生针对Osp A和Osp B的抗体。在攻毒10个月后接受第三次接种的接种犬中，抗体产生大幅增强；几何平均抗体滴度显著高于攻毒前检测值（P<0.0001）。因此，该亚单位犬莱姆病疫苗安全且具有保护作用，并能引发免疫记忆。接种疫苗的犬在血清学上可与自然暴露的犬区分开来。
