Mbizvo M T, Kasule J, Gupta V, Rusakaniko S, Kinoti S N, Mpanju-Shumbushu W, Sebina-Zziwa A J, Mwateba R, Padayachy J
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Zimbabwe, Avondale, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Soc Sci Med. 1997 Mar;44(5):573-7. doi: 10.1016/s0277-9536(96)00204-3.
Unwanted teenage pregnancy and the attendant morbidity and mortality necessitate an understanding of the factors influencing adolescent sexuality and the implementation of programmes designed to improve their knowledge and reproductive behaviour. A randomized controlled study on reproductive health knowledge and behaviour was undertaken among adolescent pupils drawn from a multi-stage random cluster sample. A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess aspects of reproductive health knowledge and behaviour at baseline followed by a health education intervention, except for control schools. Results are based on 1689 responses made up of 1159 intervention and 530 control respondents. There was a significant increase in correct knowledge about aspects of menstruation in intervention as compared with control schools [odds ratio (OR) = 4.5, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 3.4-6.1). Significantly, (OR = 2.0, 95%CI = 1.1-3.9) more pupils from intervention than control schools scored correctly on practice relating to menstruation. Pupils from intervention schools were more likely (P < 0.001) to know that a boy experiencing wet dreams could make a girl pregnant and that a girl could get pregnant at her first sexual intercourse (OR = 1.4, 95%CI = 1.1-1.9). Knowledge of family planning was low in both groups at baseline but was high at five months follow-up in the intervention schools. The findings point to the need for early school-based reproductive health education programmes, incorporating correct information on reproductive biology and the subsequent prevention of reproductive ill health.
青少年意外怀孕及其带来的发病率和死亡率，使得我们有必要了解影响青少年性行为的因素，并实施旨在提高他们知识水平和生殖行为的项目。我们对从多阶段随机整群抽样中选取的青少年学生进行了一项关于生殖健康知识和行为的随机对照研究。除对照学校外，采用自填式问卷在基线时评估生殖健康知识和行为的各个方面，随后进行健康教育干预。结果基于1689份回复，其中干预组1159人，对照组530人。与对照学校相比，干预组学生在月经方面的正确知识有显著增加[优势比（OR）=4.5，95%置信区间（CI）=3.4 - 6.1]。值得注意的是，在月经相关实践方面，干预组得分正确的学生比对照组更多（OR = 2.0，95%CI = 1.1 - 3.9）。干预学校的学生更有可能（P < 0.001）知道男孩遗精可能使女孩怀孕，以及女孩在首次性交时可能怀孕（OR = 1.4，95%CI = 1.1 - 1.9）。两组在基线时计划生育知识水平都较低，但干预学校在随访五个月时知识水平较高。研究结果表明有必要开展早期的学校生殖健康教育项目，纳入关于生殖生物学的正确信息以及随后对生殖健康不良状况的预防。
