Dawsey S M, Shen Q, Nieberg R K, Liu S F, English S A, Cao J, Zhou B, Wang G Q, Lewin K J, Liu F S, Roth M J, Taylor P R
National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 1997 Feb;6(2):121-30.
Esophageal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in China. Esophageal cancer has a very poor prognosis, principally because most tumors are asymptomatic until they are unresectable. Esophageal balloon cytology is an early detection method developed by Chinese scientists to identify resectable early cancers and precursor lesions. Previous studies have reported high sensitivities for detecting esophageal cancer in symptomatic patients. The current report describes several studies evaluating this diagnostic technique in asymptomatic individuals. A comparison of Chinese and U. S. cytological diagnoses of the same esophageal samples showed that the Chinese categories of precancerous neoplasia were more inclusive than the corresponding U. S. categories. Comparisons of both Chinese and U. S. cytological diagnoses with concurrent histological findings showed low (14-36%) sensitivities for the cytological detection of biopsy-proven cancers. Prospective follow-up studies of several screened cohorts showed a consistent progression of risk for developing esophageal cancer with increasing severity of initial cytological diagnosis. These preliminary studies suggest that esophageal balloon cytology is a useful technique that can benefit from additional research to improve its optimal performance.
食管癌是中国癌症死亡的第二大主要原因。食管癌的预后非常差，主要是因为大多数肿瘤在无法切除之前没有症状。食管气囊细胞学检查是中国科学家开发的一种早期检测方法，用于识别可切除的早期癌症和癌前病变。先前的研究报告了该方法在有症状患者中检测食管癌的高灵敏度。本报告描述了几项在无症状个体中评估这种诊断技术的研究。对相同食管样本的中美细胞学诊断进行比较，结果显示中国的癌前肿瘤类别比美国相应类别更具包容性。将中美细胞学诊断结果与同期组织学检查结果进行比较，结果显示对活检证实的癌症进行细胞学检测的灵敏度较低（14%-36%）。对几个筛查队列的前瞻性随访研究表明，随着初始细胞学诊断严重程度的增加，患食管癌的风险持续上升。这些初步研究表明，食管气囊细胞学检查是一项有用的技术，有望通过更多研究来改善其最佳性能。
