Smith D L, Petruzzello S J, Kramer J M, Misner J E
Department of Physical Education and Dance, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866, USA.
Ergonomics. 1997 Apr;40(4):500-10. doi: 10.1080/001401397188125.
Little is known about the impact of thermoregulatory demands on cardiovascular and psychological responses of firefighters during firefighting activities. This study examined selected responses to a training drill in different thermal environments. Male firefighters (n = 16) were randomly assigned to perform a simulated ceiling overhaul task for 16 min in either a neutral (13.7 degrees C) or hot (89.6 degrees C) condition while wearing standard firefighting turnout gear. Physiological and psychological measures were assessed before, after 8 min and 16 min of firefighting activity, and following a 10-min recovery period. The variables assessed included heart rate (HR), tympanic temperature (Ttymp), lactate level (LAC), blood glucose level, ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), perceptions of respiration, thermal sensations (TS) and state anxiety (SA). Significant increases were seen for HR, Ttymp, LAC, RPE and SA, with the increases being much greater following the hot condition. Recovery was significantly slower following work in the hot condition. These findings suggest that the addition of a live fire (a common situation for firefighters) contributes to increased cardiovascular and psychological strain at a standardized workload.
关于热调节需求对消防员在灭火活动中心血管和心理反应的影响，人们了解甚少。本研究考察了在不同热环境下对一次训练演习的特定反应。16名男性消防员被随机分配，在穿着标准消防服的情况下，于中性（13.7摄氏度）或高温（89.6摄氏度）环境中进行16分钟的模拟天花板检修任务。在灭火活动开始前、8分钟和16分钟后以及10分钟恢复期后，对生理和心理指标进行评估。评估的变量包括心率（HR）、鼓膜温度（Ttymp）、乳酸水平（LAC）、血糖水平、主观用力程度分级（RPE）、呼吸感知、热感觉（TS）和状态焦虑（SA）。HR、Ttymp、LAC、RPE和SA均显著升高，高温环境下的升高幅度更大。在高温环境下工作后的恢复明显更慢。这些发现表明，增加实火（消防员的常见情况）会在标准化工作量下导致心血管和心理压力增加。
