Malloy P F, Cummings J L, Coffey C E, Duffy J, Fink M, Lauterbach E C, Lovell M, Royall D, Salloway S
Department of Neuropsychology, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI 02906, USA.
J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 1997 Spring;9(2):189-97. doi: 10.1176/jnp.9.2.189.
A 1994 survey by the Research Committee of the American Neuropsychiatric Association revealed that 58% of respondents employed formal assessment of cognitive status; the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and neuropsychological testing were the commonest techniques. Literature review on common cognitive screening instruments found that the MMSE has widespread popularity, ease of use, and a large body of research demonstrating its sensitivity to common neuropsychiatric disorders. The Committee recommends that clinicians who employ the MMSE 1) use it as a minimum screening for cognitive dysfunction; 2) employ age- and education-normative corrections; and 3) supplement it with specific measures of spatial functions, delayed memory, and executive abilities. The Modified MMSE and the Neurobehavioral Cognitive Status Examination also show promise as screening tools.
美国神经精神协会研究委员会1994年的一项调查显示，58%的受访者采用了认知状态的正式评估；简易精神状态检查表（MMSE）和神经心理学测试是最常用的技术。对常见认知筛查工具的文献综述发现，MMSE广受欢迎、易于使用，并且有大量研究证明其对常见神经精神障碍具有敏感性。该委员会建议，使用MMSE的临床医生：1）将其作为认知功能障碍的最低限度筛查；2）采用年龄和教育程度标准化校正；3）用空间功能、延迟记忆和执行能力的特定测量方法对其进行补充。改良MMSE和神经行为认知状态检查也有望成为筛查工具。
