焦炉工人淋巴细胞中的DNA单链断裂、DNA加合物和姐妹染色单体交换以及尿液中的菲和芘代谢产物。
DNA single strand breakage, DNA adducts, and sister chromatid exchange in lymphocytes and phenanthrene and pyrene metabolites in urine of coke oven workers.
作者信息
Popp W, Vahrenholz C, Schell C, Grimmer G, Dettbarn G, Kraus R, Brauksiepe A, Schmeling B, Gutzeit T, von Bülow J, Norpoth K
机构信息
Institute of Hygiene and Occupational Medicine, University of Essen, Germany.
出版信息
Occup Environ Med. 1997 Mar;54(3):176-83. doi: 10.1136/oem.54.3.176.
OBJECTIVES
To investigate the specificity of biological monitoring variables (excretion of phenanthrene and pyrene metabolites in urine) and the usefulness of some biomarkers of effect (alkaline filter elution, 32P postlabelling assay, measurement of sister chromatid exchange) in workers exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).
METHODS
29 coke oven workers and a standardised control group were investigated for frequencies of DNA single strand breakage, DNA protein cross links (alkaline filter elution assay), sister chromatid exchange, and DNA adducts (32P postlabelling assay) in lymphocytes. Phenanthrene and pyrene metabolites were measured in 24 hour urine samples. 19 different PAHs (including benzo(a)pyrene, pyrene, and phenanthrene) were measured at the workplace by personal air monitoring. The GSTT1 activity in erythrocytes and lymphocyte subpopulations in blood was also measured.
RESULTS
Concentrations of phenanthrene, pyrene, and benzo(a)pyrene in air correlated well with the concentration of total PAHs in air; they could be used for comparisons of different workplaces if the emission compositions were known. The measurement of phenanthrene metabolites in urine proved to be a better biological monitoring variable than the measurement of 1-hydroxypyrene. Significantly more DNA strand breaks in lymphocytes of coke oven workers were found (alkaline filter elution assay); the DNA adduct rate was not significantly increased in workers, but correlated with exposure to PAHs in a semiquantitative manner. The number of sister chromatid exchanges was lower in coke oven workers but this was not significant; thus counting sister chromatid exchanges was not a good variable for biomonitoring of coke oven workers. Also, indications for immunotoxic influences (changes in lymphocyte subpopulations) were found.
CONCLUSIONS
The measurement of phenanthrene metabolites in urine seems to be a better biological monitoring variable for exposure to PAHs than measurement of hydroxypyrene. The alkaline filter elution assay proved to be the most sensitive biomarker for genotoxic damage, whereas the postlabelling assay was the only one with some specificity for DNA alterations caused by known compounds.
目的
研究生物监测变量（尿中菲和芘代谢物的排泄）的特异性以及一些效应生物标志物（碱性滤膜洗脱法、32P 后标记法、姐妹染色单体交换测量）在接触多环芳烃（PAHs）工人中的实用性。
方法
对 29 名炼焦炉工人和一个标准化对照组进行了淋巴细胞中 DNA 单链断裂、DNA 蛋白质交联（碱性滤膜洗脱试验）、姐妹染色单体交换和 DNA 加合物（32P 后标记法）频率的调查。在 24 小时尿液样本中测量菲和芘代谢物。通过个人空气监测在工作场所测量 19 种不同的多环芳烃（包括苯并(a)芘、芘和菲）。还测量了红细胞中的 GSTT1 活性和血液中的淋巴细胞亚群。
结果
空气中菲、芘和苯并(a)芘的浓度与空气中总多环芳烃的浓度相关性良好；如果排放成分已知，它们可用于不同工作场所的比较。尿中菲代谢物的测量被证明是比测量 1-羟基芘更好的生物监测变量。炼焦炉工人淋巴细胞中发现明显更多的 DNA 链断裂（碱性滤膜洗脱试验）；工人中的 DNA 加合物率没有显著增加，但与多环芳烃暴露呈半定量相关。炼焦炉工人的姐妹染色单体交换数量较低，但不显著；因此，计数姐妹染色单体交换不是炼焦炉工人生物监测的良好变量。此外，还发现了免疫毒性影响的迹象（淋巴细胞亚群的变化）。
结论
尿中菲代谢物的测量似乎是比测量羟基芘更好的多环芳烃暴露生物监测变量。碱性滤膜洗脱试验被证明是遗传毒性损伤最敏感的生物标志物，而后标记试验是唯一对已知化合物引起的 DNA 改变具有一定特异性的试验。
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