Bowman S, Churcher C, Badcock K, Brown D, Chillingworth T, Connor R, Dedman K, Devlin K, Gentles S, Hamlin N, Hunt S, Jagels K, Lye G, Moule S, Odell C, Pearson D, Rajandream M, Rice P, Skelton J, Walsh S, Whitehead S, Barrell B
The Sanger Centre, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK.
Nature. 1997 May 29;387(6632 Suppl):90-3.
Systematic sequencing of the genome of Saccharomyces cerevisiae has revealed thousands of new predicted genes and allowed analysis of long-range features of chromosomal organization. Generally, genes and predicted genes seem to be distributed evenly throughout the genome, having no overall preference for DNA strand. Apart from the smaller chromosomes, which can have substantially lower gene density in their telomeric regions, there is a consistent average of one open reading frame (ORF) approximately every two kilobases. However, one of the most surprising findings for a eukaryote with approximately 6,000 genes was the amount of apparent redundancy in its genome. This redundancy occurs both between individual ORFs and over more extensive chromosome regions, which have been duplicated preserving gene order and orientation. Here we report the entire nucleotide sequence of chromosome XIII, the sixth-largest S. cerevisiae chromosome, and demonstrate that its features and organization are consistent with those observed for other S. cerevisiae chromosomes. Analysis revealed 459 ORFs, 284 have not been identified previously. Both intra- and interchromosomal duplications of regions of this chromosome have occurred.
对酿酒酵母基因组进行系统测序已揭示出数千个新的预测基因，并使得对染色体组织的长程特征进行分析成为可能。一般来说，基因和预测基因似乎在整个基因组中均匀分布，对DNA链没有整体偏好。除了较小的染色体在其端粒区域基因密度可能显著较低外，平均每大约两千个碱基就有一个开放阅读框（ORF）。然而，对于一个拥有约6000个基因的真核生物而言，最令人惊讶的发现之一是其基因组中明显的冗余量。这种冗余既存在于单个ORF之间，也存在于更广泛的染色体区域之间，这些区域已被复制，保留了基因顺序和方向。在此，我们报告了酿酒酵母第六大染色体——第十三条染色体的完整核苷酸序列，并证明其特征和组织与其他酿酒酵母染色体所观察到的一致。分析揭示了459个ORF，其中284个此前未被识别。该染色体区域发生了染色体内部和染色体之间的重复。
