Ratner P A, Green L W, Frankish C J, Chomik T, Larsen C
J Public Health Policy. 1997;18(1):67-79.
Defining health impact assessment as any combination of procedures or methods by which a proposed policy or program may be judged as to the effect(s) it may have on the health of a population, we make recommendations about how to evaluate the health impact of all government-initiated policies. Such health impact cannot be assessed in the absence of a conceptual or organizing framework that provides the requisite guideposts--population health goals and targets. Health impact assessment offers an approach to ensuring that governments' program and policy initiatives align, or are congruent with, the agreed-upon health goals. It suggests that proposed national policies should be supported or resisted on the basis of their probable influence on the health of populations. In the current Canadian national policy framework, however, there are no underpinnings on which to situate such a process. The specification of consensus goals and objectives with measurable targets can provide the requisite guideposts and benchmarks for health impact assessment. Such an undertaking can set the stage and provide the necessary foundation for an effective health impact assessment process.
将健康影响评估定义为一系列程序或方法的任意组合，通过这些程序或方法，可以判断一项拟议的政策或计划可能对人群健康产生的影响，我们就如何评估所有政府发起政策的健康影响提出建议。如果没有一个提供必要指导方针（人群健康目标和指标）的概念性或组织性框架，就无法评估这种健康影响。健康影响评估提供了一种方法，以确保政府的计划和政策举措与商定的健康目标保持一致或相符。这表明，应根据拟议的国家政策对人群健康可能产生的影响来支持或抵制这些政策。然而，在当前加拿大的国家政策框架中，没有支持此类进程的基础。明确具有可衡量指标的共识目标和目的，可以为健康影响评估提供必要的指导方针和基准。这样一项工作可以为有效的健康影响评估过程奠定基础并提供必要条件。
