一项基于理论的干预措施对提高低收入儿童自行车头盔使用率的影响。
Impact of a theory based intervention to increase bicycle helmet use in low income children.
作者信息
Hendrickson S G, Becker H
机构信息
University of Texas at Austin, School of Nursing 78701, USA.
出版信息
Inj Prev. 1998 Jun;4(2):126-31. doi: 10.1136/ip.4.2.126.
OBJECTIVE
While community interventions to increase bicycle helmet use have increased markedly, few of these studies are theoretically based. The purpose of this study was to determine relationships among PRECEDE model predictors and self reported helmet use among 407 fourth graders from nine low income, non-urban schools.
SETTING
Low income schools, with high minority populations in eight nonmetropolitan Central Texas counties were chosen.
METHODS
Schools were randomly assigned in a repeated measures design to either classroom only, parent-child, or control groups. School nurses were educated by the researchers to present a head injury prevention program in all but the experimental schools. Researchers made contact by phone with the parents of children in the parent-child group.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS
Participation in either of the educational interventions, followed by belief that helmets protect your head (a predisposing factor), and participation in the parent intervention condition, added significant unique variance to the prediction of helmet use after helmet ownership is accounted. These four variables, taken together, account for 72% of the variance in predicting bicycle helmet use.
目的
虽然旨在增加自行车头盔使用率的社区干预措施显著增加，但这些研究中很少有基于理论的。本研究的目的是确定在来自九所低收入、非城市学校的407名四年级学生中，PRECEDE模型预测因素与自我报告的头盔使用之间的关系。
背景
选择了德克萨斯州中部八个非大都市县中少数族裔人口众多的低收入学校。
方法
采用重复测量设计将学校随机分为仅课堂组、亲子组或对照组。除实验学校外，研究人员对学校护士进行培训，以便他们开展头部受伤预防项目。研究人员通过电话与亲子组儿童的家长取得联系。
结果与结论
参与任何一种教育干预措施，随后相信头盔能保护头部（一个诱发因素），以及参与家长干预条件，在考虑头盔拥有情况后，为头盔使用的预测增加了显著的独特方差。这四个变量综合起来，占预测自行车头盔使用方差的72%。
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