Perkins S L, Belcher J M, Livesey J F
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ottawa Civic Hospital, Ontario.
Can J Public Health. 1997 Jul-Aug;88(4):232-7. doi: 10.1007/BF03404788.
This study describes the prevalence of smoking among 3,220 pregnant women. Maternal and umbilical cord cotinine levels were compared with the women's self-reported cigarette consumption, infant birth weight and antepartum and perinatal complications. Of the women who reported themselves as being active smokers (23%), 76% had a partner who smoked, and 38% reported exposure to environmental smoke in the workplace. Only 15% of nonsmokers had a partner who smoked, and 13% reported workplace exposure. The mean number of cigarettes/day was 20.5 (95% CI 19.6-21.4). The relative risk of having a small-for-gestational-age infant was significantly higher in smokers for mothers of both preterm (34-36 wks, RR = 3.38, 95% CI 1.25-9.16) and term babies (> or = 37 wks, RR = 2.04, 95% CI 1.58-2.63). Mean infant birth weight was 207 g lighter in the infants of smokers (p < 0.001) and was inversely correlated to maternal serum cotinine level. Birth weight dropped by 0.99 g for every 1 ug/L increase in cotinine (r = -0.19, p < 0.01).
本研究描述了3220名孕妇的吸烟率。将孕妇及其脐带中的可替宁水平与她们自我报告的香烟消费量、婴儿出生体重以及产前和围产期并发症进行了比较。在报告自己为现吸烟者的女性中（23%），76%的女性伴侣吸烟，38%的女性报告在工作场所接触过环境烟雾。只有15%的非吸烟者伴侣吸烟，13%的非吸烟者报告在工作场所接触过烟雾。每日平均吸烟量为20.5支（95%可信区间19.6 - 21.4）。对于早产（34 - 36周，相对危险度 = 3.38，95%可信区间1.25 - 9.16）和足月产（≥37周，相对危险度 = 2.04，95%可信区间1.58 - 2.63）婴儿的母亲，吸烟者生出小于胎龄儿的相对危险度显著更高。吸烟者的婴儿平均出生体重轻207克（p < 0.001），且与孕妇血清可替宁水平呈负相关。可替宁每升高1微克/升，出生体重下降0.99克（r = -0.19，p < 0.01）。
