头孢西丁、头孢孟多、头孢氨苄和头孢噻吩的体外比较
In vitro comparison of cefoxitin, cefamandole, cephalexin, and cephalothin.
作者信息
Eickhoff T C, Ehret J M
出版信息
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1976 Jun;9(6):994-9. doi: 10.1128/AAC.9.6.994.
Abstract
The in vitro effect of cefoxitin, cefamandole, cephalexin, and cephalothin was tested against 645 strains of bacteria recently isolated from clinical sources. Against gram-positive organisms cephalothin and cefamandole were the most effective, generally being three- to fourfold more active than cephalexin or cefoxitin. Enterococci were not inhibited by less than 25 mug of any of the antibiotics per ml. Against Enterobacteriaceae, cefoxitin and cefamandole were the most active. An exception was the Enterobacter strains, against which cefoxitin was the least effective. None of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains were susceptible to 100 mug of any of the cephalosporins per ml. Cefamandole was the most active agent against Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. It was also the most effective agent against Haemophilus influenzae, even when taking into account a threefold inoculum effect.
摘要
对最近从临床来源分离出的645株细菌测试了头孢西丁、头孢孟多、头孢氨苄和头孢噻吩的体外抗菌效果。对于革兰氏阳性菌，头孢噻吩和头孢孟多最有效，其活性通常比头孢氨苄或头孢西丁高三至四倍。每毫升低于25微克的任何一种抗生素均不能抑制肠球菌。对于肠杆菌科细菌，头孢西丁和头孢孟多活性最高。肠杆菌菌株是个例外，头孢西丁对其效果最差。每毫升100微克的任何一种头孢菌素均不能使铜绿假单胞菌菌株敏感。头孢孟多是对脑膜炎奈瑟菌和淋病奈瑟菌最具活性的药物。即使考虑到三倍接种量效应，它也是对流感嗜血杆菌最有效的药物。
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