Alymova I V, Kodihalli S, Govorkova E A, Fanget B, Gerdil C, Webster R G
Department of Virology and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA.
J Virol. 1998 May;72(5):4472-7. doi: 10.1128/JVI.72.5.4472-4477.1998.
The immunogenicity and protective efficacy of formalin-inactivated influenza B/Memphis/1/93 virus vaccines propagated exclusively in Vero cells, MDCK cells, or embryonated chicken eggs (hereafter referred to as eggs) were investigated. Mammalian cell-grown viruses differ from the egg-grown variant at amino acid position 198 (Pro/Thr) in the hemagglutinin gene. The level of neuraminidase activity was highest in egg-grown virus, while MDCK and Vero cell-derived viruses possessed 70 and 90% less activity, respectively. After boosting, each of the vaccines induced high levels of hemagglutinin-inhibiting, neuraminidase-inhibiting, and neutralizing antibodies that provided complete protection from MDCK-grown virus challenge. Mammalian cell-derived virus vaccines induced serum antibodies that were more cross-reactive, while those induced by egg-grown virus vaccines were more specific to the homologous antigen. Enzyme-linked immunospot analysis indicated that cell-grown virus vaccines induced high frequencies of immunoglobulin G (IgG)-producing cells directed against both cell- and egg-grown virus antigens, whereas egg-grown virus vaccine induced higher frequencies of IgG- and IgM-producing cells reacting with homologous antigen and low levels of IgG-producing cells reactive with cell-grown viruses. These studies indicate that influenza B virus variants selected in different host systems can elicit different immune responses, but these alterations had no detectable influence on the protective efficacy of the vaccines with the immunization protocol used in this study.
研究了仅在Vero细胞、MDCK细胞或鸡胚（以下简称鸡蛋）中传代培养的福尔马林灭活B/孟菲斯/1/93型流感病毒疫苗的免疫原性和保护效力。在血凝素基因的第198位氨基酸（脯氨酸/苏氨酸）处，哺乳动物细胞培养的病毒与鸡蛋培养的病毒变体不同。神经氨酸酶活性水平在鸡蛋培养的病毒中最高，而MDCK细胞和Vero细胞衍生的病毒活性分别低70%和90%。加强免疫后，每种疫苗均诱导产生高水平的血凝素抑制、神经氨酸酶抑制和中和抗体，这些抗体可提供完全保护，使其免受MDCK细胞培养的病毒攻击。哺乳动物细胞衍生的病毒疫苗诱导产生的血清抗体具有更高的交叉反应性，而鸡蛋培养的病毒疫苗诱导产生的血清抗体对同源抗原更具特异性。酶联免疫斑点分析表明，细胞培养的病毒疫苗诱导产生针对细胞培养和鸡蛋培养病毒抗原的分泌免疫球蛋白G（IgG）细胞的频率较高，而鸡蛋培养的病毒疫苗诱导产生与同源抗原反应的IgG和IgM分泌细胞的频率较高，与细胞培养病毒反应的IgG分泌细胞水平较低。这些研究表明，在不同宿主系统中选择的B型流感病毒变体可引发不同的免疫反应，但在本研究使用的免疫方案中，这些改变对疫苗的保护效力没有可检测到的影响。
