Matter H C, Schumacher C L, Kharmachi H, Hammami S, Tlatli A, Jemli J, Mrabet L, Meslin F X, Aubert M F, Neuenschwander B E, Hicheri K E
Federal Office of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases, Bern, Switzerland.
Vaccine. 1998 Apr;16(7):657-65. doi: 10.1016/s0264-410x(97)00259-4.
Two bait delivery systems for the oral immunization of dogs against rabies were tested in small scale field trials in a semi-rural area in Tunisia: bait delivery to owned dogs during door to door visits of households (door to door baiting) and distribution of baits on transect lines (transect line baiting). A prototype bait (DBL2) configured for industrial production and containing either sulfadimethoxine (SDM) as a systemic marker or Rhodamine B as a topical marker was used. The overall proportion of dogs which took a bait and presented topical marker staining after door to door baiting was 59.1%. The total time and costs spent per bait accepting dog averaged 34 person minutes and US$4, respectively. Unconsummated baits were readily recovered. No unprotected human contacts with baits were recorded. Door to door baiting is a very specific but time-consuming method that enables a safe administration of vaccine baits to owned dogs. For transect line baiting, baits were distributed at a density of ca 3000 baits per km2 along double transect lines. Baits were recovered after 20 h. According to the proportion of SDM positive serum samples, 24.1% of owned dogs in the baiting area had consumed baits. Of all owned and ownerless dogs, presumably free-roaming during transect line baiting, > 40% had consumed baits. The total time and costs spent per bait accepting dog averaged 48 person minutes and ca US$20, respectively. The household census revealed 32 direct human contacts with the bait matrix which corresponds to 1.4% of inhabitants. Placing baits on transect lines gives the possibility to vaccinate dogs not accessible by vaccination systems which base on dog owner participation. However, the method is not specific, less safe than other systems, not easily accepted by the human population, and costly.
在突尼斯一个半农村地区进行了小规模现场试验，测试了两种用于犬类狂犬病口服免疫的诱饵投放系统：在挨家挨户走访家庭时向自家犬投放诱饵（挨家挨户投饵）以及在样线投放诱饵（样线投饵）。使用了一种为工业生产配置的原型诱饵（DBL2），其含有磺胺二甲氧嘧啶（SDM）作为全身标记物或罗丹明B作为局部标记物。挨家挨户投饵后食用诱饵并出现局部标记物染色的犬的总体比例为59.1%。每只接受诱饵的犬平均花费的总时间和成本分别为34人分钟和4美元。未被食用的诱饵很容易找回。未记录到人与诱饵有未受保护的接触。挨家挨户投饵是一种非常特殊但耗时的方法，能安全地向自家犬投喂疫苗诱饵。对于样线投饵，诱饵以每平方公里约3000个诱饵的密度沿双样线分布。20小时后收回诱饵。根据SDM阳性血清样本的比例，投饵区域24.1%的自家犬食用了诱饵。在样线投饵期间可能自由活动的所有自家犬和无主犬中，超过40%食用了诱饵。每只接受诱饵的犬平均花费的总时间和成本分别为48人分钟和约20美元。住户普查显示有32次人与诱饵基质的直接接触，占居民的1.4%。在样线投放诱饵使得有可能对那些无法通过基于犬主参与的疫苗接种系统接种疫苗的犬进行接种。然而，该方法不具特异性，比其他系统安全性低，不易被人群接受，且成本高。
