Hobson R P, Lee A
Developmental Psychopathology Research Unit, Tavistock Clinic, London, England.
J Autism Dev Disord. 1998 Apr;28(2):117-27. doi: 10.1023/a:1026088531558.
We videotaped 24 children, adolescents, and young adults with autism, individually matched for chronological age and verbal mental age with 24 nonautistic persons with mental retardation, for their spontaneous and prompted greetings and farewells towards an unfamiliar adult. Compared with control subjects, those with autism were less likely to offer spontaneous verbal and nonverbal gestures of greeting and farewell, and were less likely to establish eye contact even when they were offered a greeting. There were also fewer autistic subjects who smiled, or who waved goodbye. Results corresponded with raters' subjective judgments of participants' interpersonal engagement with the stranger. One interpretation of the findings is that they reflect a relative lack of intersubjective engagement by autistic individuals.
我们对24名患有自闭症的儿童、青少年和青年进行了录像，他们在实际年龄和语言心理年龄方面与24名患有智力障碍的非自闭症患者进行了个体匹配，记录他们对一位陌生成年人自发的和被引导的问候与道别。与对照组相比，自闭症患者自发进行言语和非言语问候及道别的可能性较小，即使在别人向他们问候时，他们进行眼神交流的可能性也较小。微笑或挥手道别的自闭症患者也较少。结果与评估者对参与者与陌生人的人际互动的主观判断一致。这些发现的一种解释是，它们反映出自闭症个体相对缺乏主体间的互动。
