Van der Weijden G A, Timmer C J, Timmerman M F, Reijerse E, Mantel M S, van der Velden U
Department of Periodontology, ACTA, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
J Clin Periodontol. 1998 May;25(5):399-403. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051x.1998.tb02462.x.
The purpose of the present study was to establish in vitro the inhibiting effect of a herbal extract mixture on a selected number of micro-organisms and to test in vivo the effect of a mouthwash containing 6.3 mg/ml herbal extract mixture on plaque and gingivitis as compared to a minus active control mouthrinse. The herbal extract was a mixture of: Juniperus communis (juniper), Urtica dioca (nettle), Achillaea millefolium (yarrow); 1:1:1. In the study, in-vitro, the effect of pure herbal extract mixture on acid production of Streptococcus mutans was tested and the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the following micro-organisms were tested: Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus mitis, Actynomyces viscosus, Actynomyces naeslundii, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Prevotella intermedia, Campylobacter rectus, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Veillonella parvula. The MIC-values for A. viscosus and P. gingivalis were 100 mg/ml. The MIC-values for A. naeslundii and A. actinomycetemcomitans were considerably lower (10 mg/ml). S. mitis was the most susceptible of the tested organisms to the extract with a MIC value of 1 mg/ml. S. mutans, C. rectus, V. parvula, and F. nucleatum were not influenced by the extracts. No inhibitory effect of the 6.3 mg/ml herbal extract mixture was observed on the acid production of S. mutans. For the study in-vivo, 45 volunteers were selected on the basis of having moderate gingival inflammation. As efficacy parameters the plaque index, modified gingival index and angulated bleeding index were assessed. The subjects were randomly divided among 3 experimental groups (2x test and 1 'minus active' control). The participants were requested to rinse with 10 ml of mouthwash twice a day for a period of three months. After 6 weeks and 3 months, the same clinical indices as at baseline were recorded. The results show no difference between the two test groups and the control group. In conclusion, the results of the present study have shown that the mixture of the 3 herbal extracts, Juniperus communis, Urtica dioca and Achillaea millefolium when used in a mouthrinse has no effect on plaque growth and gingival health.
本研究的目的是在体外确定一种草药提取物混合物对选定数量微生物的抑制作用，并在体内测试含6.3mg/ml草药提取物混合物的漱口水与阴性活性对照漱口水相比对牙菌斑和牙龈炎的影响。该草药提取物是杜松（Juniperus communis）、荨麻（Urtica dioca）、蓍草（Achillaea millefolium）按1:1:1比例混合而成。在该研究的体外实验中，测试了纯草药提取物混合物对变形链球菌产酸的影响，并测试了以下微生物的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）：变形链球菌、缓症链球菌、粘性放线菌、内氏放线菌、伴放线放线杆菌、中间普氏菌、直肠弯曲菌、具核梭杆菌、小韦荣球菌。粘性放线菌和牙龈卟啉单胞菌的MIC值为100mg/ml。内氏放线菌和伴放线放线杆菌的MIC值则低得多（10mg/ml）。缓症链球菌是受试微生物中对提取物最敏感的，MIC值为1mg/ml。变形链球菌、直肠弯曲菌、小韦荣球菌和具核梭杆菌不受提取物影响。未观察到6.3mg/ml草药提取物混合物对变形链球菌产酸有抑制作用。在体内研究中，根据牙龈炎症程度适中选择了45名志愿者。评估牙菌斑指数、改良牙龈指数和角度出血指数作为疗效参数。受试者被随机分为3个实验组（2个测试组和1个“阴性活性”对照组）。参与者被要求每天用10ml漱口水漱口两次，为期三个月。在6周和3个月后，记录与基线相同的临床指标。结果显示两个测试组与对照组之间没有差异。总之，本研究结果表明，杜松、荨麻和蓍草这三种草药提取物的混合物用于漱口水时，对牙菌斑生长和牙龈健康没有影响。
