Summala H, Lamble D, Laakso M
Department of Psychology, University of Helsinki, Finland.
Accid Anal Prev. 1998 Jul;30(4):401-7. doi: 10.1016/s0001-4575(98)00005-0.
Perception of the lead car's braking was measured on-road when subjects of various levels of driving experience were looking at a digital display located at the lower part of the windscreen, at the speedometer level, or in the mid-console. The brake lights of the lead car were either working normally or switched off. The results indicated that the detection of the lead car's brake lights, in daylight, is substantially impaired when a following driver is looking at the speedometer area and brake lights do not contribute to detection at all when he/she is looking at a target in the mid-console. Driving experience did not influence performance in detecting a closing headway in peripheral vision, in contrast to improvement in lane-keeping found in an earlier study. It is suggested that such differential ability in using peripheral vision for lane and distance-keeping may mislead experienced drivers when they follow another vehicle and perform certain in-car tasks.
当不同驾驶经验水平的受试者分别看着位于挡风玻璃下部、速度表位置或中控台中部的数字显示屏时，在道路上测量他们对前车刹车的感知情况。前车的刹车灯要么正常工作，要么关闭。结果表明，在白天，当跟车驾驶员看向速度表区域时，对前车刹车灯的检测会受到严重影响；而当他/她看向中控台中部的目标时，刹车灯对检测没有任何帮助。与早期研究中发现的车道保持能力的提高形成对比的是，驾驶经验并未影响周边视觉中检测接近车距的表现。有人认为，在跟随另一辆车并执行某些车内任务时，这种在利用周边视觉进行车道保持和车距保持方面的差异能力可能会误导经验丰富的驾驶员。
