Rind B, Tromovitch P, Bauserman R
Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA.
Psychol Bull. 1998 Jul;124(1):22-53. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.124.1.22.
Many lay persons and professionals believe that child sexual abuse (CSA) causes intense harm, regardless of gender, pervasively in the general population. The authors examined this belief by reviewing 59 studies based on college samples. Meta-analyses revealed that students with CSA were, on average, slightly less well adjusted than controls. However, this poorer adjustment could not be attributed to CSA because family environment (FE) was consistently confounded with CSA, FE explained considerably more adjustment variance than CSA, and CSA-adjustment relations generally became nonsignificant when studies controlled for FE. Self-reported reactions to and effects from CSA indicated that negative effects were neither pervasive nor typically intense, and that men reacted much less negatively than women. The college data were completely consistent with data from national samples. Basic beliefs about CSA in the general population were not supported.
许多外行人及专业人士都认为，儿童性虐待（CSA）会造成严重伤害，在普通人群中普遍存在，且不分性别。作者通过回顾59项基于大学样本的研究来检验这一观点。荟萃分析显示，遭受CSA的学生平均而言，其适应能力略逊于对照组。然而，这种较差的适应能力不能归因于CSA，因为家庭环境（FE）始终与CSA相互混淆，FE对适应差异的解释比CSA多得多，而且当研究对FE进行控制时，CSA与适应之间的关系通常变得不显著。自我报告的对CSA的反应及影响表明，负面影响既不普遍也不典型强烈，而且男性的负面反应比女性少得多。大学数据与全国样本数据完全一致。普通人群中关于CSA的基本观点未得到支持。
