Yamashita T, Sakae K, Tsuzuki H, Suzuki Y, Ishikawa N, Takeda N, Miyamura T, Yamazaki S
Department of Virology, Aichi Prefectural Institute of Public Health, Nagoya, Aichi 462-8576, Japan.
J Virol. 1998 Oct;72(10):8408-12. doi: 10.1128/JVI.72.10.8408-8412.1998.
The complete nucleotide sequence of a novel enteric virus, Aichi virus, associated with nonbacterial acute gastroenteritis in humans was determined. The Aichi virus genome proved to be a single-stranded positive-sense RNA molecule with 8,251 bases excluding a poly(A) tail; it contains a large open reading frame with 7,302 nucleotides that encodes a potential polyprotein precursor of 2,433 amino acids. The genome contains a 5' nontranslated region (NTR) with 712 bases and a 3' NTR with 240 bases followed by a poly(A) tail. The structure of the genome, VPg-5' NTR-leader protein-structural proteins-nonstructural proteins-3' NTR-poly(A), was found to be typical of a picornavirus. The VP0-VP3 and VP3-VP1 cleavage sites were determined to be Q-H and Q-T, respectively, by N-terminal amino acid sequence analyses using purified virion proteins. Possible cleavage sites, Q-G, Q-A, and Q-S, which cleave P2 and P3 polyproteins were found to be similar to those of picornaviruses. A dendrogram based on 3Dpol proteins indicated that Aichi virus is genetically distinct from the known six genera of picornaviruses including entero-, rhino-, cardio-, aphtho-, and hepatovirus and echovirus 22. Considering this together with other properties of the virus (T. Yamashita, S. Kobayashi, K. Sakae, S. Nakata, S. Chiba, Y. Ishihara, and S. Isomura, J. Infect. Dis. 164:954-957, 1991), we propose that Aichi virus be regarded as a new genus of the family Picornaviridae.
一种与人类非细菌性急性肠胃炎相关的新型肠道病毒——爱知病毒的完整核苷酸序列已被确定。结果表明，爱知病毒基因组是一个单链正义RNA分子，除去poly(A)尾后有8251个碱基；它包含一个7302个核苷酸的大开放阅读框，编码一个由2433个氨基酸组成的潜在多聚蛋白前体。该基因组包含一个有712个碱基的5'非翻译区（NTR）和一个有240个碱基的3'NTR，后面跟着一个poly(A)尾。基因组结构为VPg-5'NTR-前导蛋白-结构蛋白-非结构蛋白-3'NTR-poly(A)，被发现是小RNA病毒科的典型结构。通过对纯化病毒体蛋白进行N端氨基酸序列分析，确定VP0-VP3和VP3-VP1的切割位点分别为Q-H和Q-T。发现切割P2和P3多聚蛋白的可能切割位点Q-G、Q-A和Q-S与小RNA病毒的相似。基于3Dpol蛋白的系统发育树表明，爱知病毒在基因上与已知的小RNA病毒科六个属不同，包括肠道病毒属、鼻病毒属、心病毒属、口疮病毒属、肝病毒属和艾柯病毒22型。综合考虑该病毒的其他特性（T. Yamashita、S. Kobayashi、K. Sakae、S. Nakata、S. Chiba、Y. Ishihara和S. Isomura，《传染病杂志》164:954-957，1991年），我们建议将爱知病毒视为小RNA病毒科的一个新属。
