Tamanoi F, Okazaki T
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 May;75(5):2195-9. doi: 10.1073/pnas.75.5.2195.
A thymine-requiring mutant of Bacillus subtilis strain 168 accumulates short DNA chains after brief pulses with [(3)H]thymidine. Reversion of the thy mutation to thy(+) abolishes the accumulation of short DNA chains, suggesting that the accumulation is related to the thy mutation. The reason for this accumulation has been further investigated by analysis of a mutant with a defective uracil-DNA glycosidase activity (urg). The accumulation of short DNA chains in thy(-) cells is abolished by the deficiency of uracil-DNA glycosidase activity. In thy(+) cells, the deficiency of the glycosidase activity does not change the sedimentation profile of pulse-labeled DNA. DNA isolated from thy(-)urg(-) cells is fragmented by successive treatment with purified uracil-DNA glycosidase and alkali, indicating that uracil residues are present in this DNA. DNA isolated from thy(+)urg(-) cells is not fragmented by the same treatment. Significant radioactivity is detected in the dUMP region, when [(3)H]uridine-labeled DNA from thy(-)urg(-) cells is hydrolyzed and analyzed by thin-layer chromatography. Only a trace amount of radioactivity, which is not influenced by the deficiency of uracil-DNA glycosidase activity, is found in the dUMP region in DNA hydrolysates from thy(+) cells. These results suggest that, in thy(-) cells, uracil is incorporated into DNA and the accumulation of short DNA chains results from the excision-repair of this uracil whereas in thy(+) cells, uracil is seldom, if ever, incorporated into DNA.
枯草芽孢杆菌168株的一个胸腺嘧啶需求型突变体在用[³H]胸腺嘧啶短暂脉冲标记后会积累短DNA链。thy突变回复为thy⁺会消除短DNA链的积累,这表明这种积累与thy突变有关。通过分析尿嘧啶-DNA糖苷酶活性缺陷(urg)的突变体,对这种积累的原因进行了进一步研究。尿嘧啶-DNA糖苷酶活性的缺乏消除了thy⁻细胞中短DNA链的积累。在thy⁺细胞中,糖苷酶活性的缺乏不会改变脉冲标记DNA的沉降图谱。从thy⁻urg⁻细胞中分离的DNA经纯化的尿嘧啶-DNA糖苷酶和碱连续处理后会发生片段化,这表明该DNA中存在尿嘧啶残基。从thy⁺urg⁻细胞中分离的DNA经相同处理后不会发生片段化。当对来自thy⁻urg⁻细胞的[³H]尿苷标记的DNA进行水解并用薄层色谱分析时,在dUMP区域检测到显著的放射性。在thy⁺细胞的DNA水解产物的dUMP区域中,仅发现微量不受尿嘧啶-DNA糖苷酶活性缺乏影响的放射性。这些结果表明,在thy⁻细胞中,尿嘧啶掺入到DNA中,短DNA链的积累是这种尿嘧啶切除修复的结果,而在thy⁺细胞中,尿嘧啶很少(如果有的话)掺入到DNA中。