Kersting M, Alexy U, Sichert-Hellert W, Manz F, Schöch G
Research Institute of Child Nutrition, Dortmund, Germany.
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 1998 Nov;27(5):547-52. doi: 10.1097/00005176-199811000-00011.
Commercial food products intended for infants form an important part of the diet. Such products are defined as special dietetic food by food legislation. However, quantitative consumption data in the context of the current European Community (EC) food regulations have not been available up to now.
Six hundred eighty 3-day weighed diet records from 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-month-old infants involved in the DONALD (Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometrical Longitudinally Designed) Study were evaluated regarding overall and individual consumption of commercial infant food (CIF). Here, CIF was allocated to the food categories of the current EC directives.
Four hundred eighteen varieties of infant food were recorded. The total CIF (formulae; beikost [any food or drink other than breast milk or infant and follow-on formulae]) reached percentages of the total food intake (including breast milk) of 51% (47%; 4%), 62% (33%; 29%), 53% (20%; 32%), and 37% (13%; 24%) at the ages of 3, 6, 9 and 12 months, respectively. Approximately 55% (95%) of the 3-month-old infants (range, 6-12 months) consumed some sort of CIF, but the highest amounts were observed at 6 months and the highest numbers of consumers at 9 months. Depending on the definition of "high consumers" of CIF, the individual consumption quantities (in grams per kilogram per day) differed by a maximum of 60% but high consumers were always found in the 6-month-old group.
The high proportions of CIF in the diet during a critical developmental period call for a guaranteed high nutritional and safety quality of CIF and for realistic data on consumption patterns.
供婴儿食用的商业食品是饮食的重要组成部分。此类产品在食品法规中被定义为特殊膳食用食品。然而，迄今为止，尚无符合当前欧洲共同体（EC）食品法规背景下的定量消费数据。
对参与DONALD（多特蒙德营养与人体测量纵向设计）研究的3、6、9和12月龄婴儿的680份为期3天的称重饮食记录进行评估，以了解商业婴儿食品（CIF）的总体和个体消费量。在此，CIF被归入当前EC指令的食品类别。
记录了418种婴儿食品。CIF总量（配方奶粉；辅食[母乳或婴儿配方奶粉及后续配方奶粉以外的任何食品或饮料]）在3、6、9和12月龄时分别占总食物摄入量（包括母乳）的51%（47%；4%）、62%（33%；29%）、53%（20%；32%）和37%（13%；24%）。约55%（95%）的3月龄婴儿（年龄范围6 - 12个月）食用了某种CIF，但6月龄时CIF摄入量最高，9月龄时食用CIF的婴儿数量最多。根据CIF“高消费者”的定义，个体消费量（克/千克/天）最多相差60%，但高消费者始终出现在6月龄组。
在关键发育时期的饮食中CIF占比很高，这就要求保证CIF具有高营养和安全质量，并提供关于消费模式的实际数据。
