Fietkau R
Strahlentherapeutische Klinik und Poliklinik, University of Rostock.
Strahlenther Onkol. 1998 Nov;174 Suppl 3:47-51.
The nutritional status of cancer patients is frequently impaired already before any therapy starts and may deteriorate even more by radio(chemo)therapy.
This review describes the possibilities and risks of enteral and parenteral nutrition during radiotherapy. The indications of enteral nutrition will be derived from own results.
Enteral nutrition is the most preferable way of artificial long-term nutrition. In a prospective non-randomized trial we demonstrated that enteral nutrition via percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) not only improves the anthropometric and biochemical parameters during radio(chemo)therapy but also the quality of life of patients with advanced cancers of the head and neck. Moreover supportive use of megestrolacetate can improve the nutritional status. Parenteral nutrition is only recommended if enteral nutrition is not possible e.g. during radio(chemo)therapy of tumors of the upper gastrointestinal tract.
Today adequate nutritional support is feasible during intensive radio(chemo)therapy.
癌症患者的营养状况在任何治疗开始前就常常已受损，并且可能因放（化）疗而进一步恶化。
本综述描述了放疗期间肠内和肠外营养的可能性及风险。肠内营养的指征将源于自身研究结果。
肠内营养是人工长期营养最优选的方式。在一项前瞻性非随机试验中，我们证明经皮内镜下胃造口术（PEG）进行肠内营养不仅能改善放（化）疗期间的人体测量学和生化指标，还能改善晚期头颈部癌症患者的生活质量。此外，甲地孕酮的支持性使用可改善营养状况。仅在无法进行肠内营养时，如在上消化道肿瘤的放（化）疗期间，才推荐肠外营养。
如今，在强化放（化）疗期间提供充足的营养支持是可行的。
