Jarvik M E, Popek P, Schneider N G, Baer-Weiss V, Gritz E R
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1978 Jul 19;58(3):303-6. doi: 10.1007/BF00427395.
The stimuli controlling the rate at which people smoke cigarettes have not been clearly defined. On the hypothesis that smoking is basically nicotine-seeking behavior, nicotine available to the subject was experimentally manipulated through controlling cigarette size and nicotine content. In Experiment I, subjects given their won cigarettes in whole, half, quarter, and eighth lengths, increased the number of cigarettes smoked and number of puffs to compensate for reductions in size. Satisfaction was directly related to cigarette length. In Experiment II, subjects given special cigarettes delivering 0.2 or 2.0 mg nicotine/cigarette smoked significantly more of the low than of the high nicotine cigarettes and took significantly more puffs. As in Experiment I, significantly more quarter length than full length cigarettes were smoked, but total number of puffs did not differ. These results support the hypothesis that nicotine controls smoking behavior.
控制人们吸烟速度的刺激因素尚未得到明确界定。基于吸烟本质上是寻求尼古丁行为的假设,通过控制香烟尺寸和尼古丁含量,对受试者可获取的尼古丁进行了实验性操控。在实验一中,向受试者提供整支、半支、四分之一支和八分之一支长度的自有香烟,他们会增加吸烟的支数和每支烟的抽吸次数,以弥补香烟尺寸的减小。满意度与香烟长度直接相关。在实验二中,向受试者提供每支含0.2毫克或2.0毫克尼古丁的特制香烟,他们吸低尼古丁香烟的量明显多于高尼古丁香烟,且抽吸次数显著更多。与实验一一样,吸四分之一支长度香烟的数量明显多于整支香烟,但总抽吸次数并无差异。这些结果支持了尼古丁控制吸烟行为这一假设。