Loeb P M, Berk R N, Cobo-Frenkel A, Barnhart J L
Invest Radiol. 1976;11(5):449-58. doi: 10.1097/00004424-197609000-00150.
The biliary and urinary excretion and the choleretic effect of ioglycamide were studied in unanesthetized bile fistula dogs using stepwise increasing infusion rates to obtain multiple steady states. The results are compared with data from previously reported experiments in the same animals using iodoxamate and iodipamide. The rate of biliary excretion and the choleretic effect of ioglycamide are similar to those of iodipamide and iodoxamate. Like iodipamide and iodoxamate, the relation between infusion rate or plasma concentration and biliary excretion or concentration of ioglycamide are hyperbolic and can be fitted to saturation kinetics. Quantitatively, the excretion of ioglycamide and iodipamide are virtually identical. However, for any equimolar infusion rate or plasma concentration, more iodoxamate than ioglycamide is excreted in the bile. Despite the greater biliary excretion of iodoxamate, the maximum biliary concentration of ioglycamide, iodipamide, and iodoxamate is the same at low basal bile flow because the choleretic effects of the three compounds are equal. The data suggest that, theoretically, with any equimolar dose ioglycamide will be identical to iodipamide as a contrast material for intravenous cholangiography, but that iodoxamate may be superior to ioglycamide because more iodoxamate is excreted in the bile. This advantage of iodoxamate might become apparent clinically in patients with high basal bile flow or if smaller doses of the contrast material are used. However, at the presently recommended doses of the two compounds, it is unlikely that the use of ioglycamide for intravenous cholangiography will be any different than iodoxamate.
在未麻醉的胆瘘犬中，采用逐步增加输注速率以获得多个稳态的方法，研究了碘甘酰胺的胆汁和尿液排泄以及利胆作用。将结果与先前在同一动物中使用碘多啥胺和碘他拉酰胺所报道的实验数据进行比较。碘甘酰胺的胆汁排泄速率和利胆作用与碘他拉酰胺和碘多啥胺相似。与碘他拉酰胺和碘多啥胺一样，碘甘酰胺的输注速率或血浆浓度与胆汁排泄或浓度之间的关系呈双曲线，并且可以拟合为饱和动力学。定量地说，碘甘酰胺和碘他拉酰胺的排泄几乎相同。然而，对于任何等摩尔输注速率或血浆浓度，胆汁中排泄的碘多啥胺比碘甘酰胺多。尽管碘多啥胺的胆汁排泄量更大，但在低基础胆汁流量时，碘甘酰胺、碘他拉酰胺和碘多啥胺的最大胆汁浓度相同,因为这三种化合物的利胆作用相等。数据表明，理论上，对于任何等摩尔剂量，碘甘酰胺作为静脉胆管造影的造影剂将与碘他拉酰胺相同，但碘多啥胺可能优于碘甘酰胺，因为更多的碘多啥胺排泄到胆汁中。碘多啥胺的这一优势在基础胆汁流量高的患者中或使用较小剂量造影剂时可能在临床上变得明显。然而，在目前推荐的两种化合物的剂量下，使用碘甘酰胺进行静脉胆管造影与使用碘多啥胺不太可能有任何不同。
