Ruhm C J
Department of Economics, University of North Carolina, Greensboro 27412, USA.
J Health Econ. 1995 Dec;14(5):583-603. doi: 10.1016/0167-6296(95)00024-0.
This study investigates the relationship between macroeconomic conditions and two alcohol-related outcomes--liquor consumption and highway vehicle fatalities. Fixed-effect models are estimated for the 48 contiguous states over the 1975-1988 time period. Alcohol consumption and traffic deaths vary procyclically, with a major portion of the effect of economic downturns attributed to reductions in incomes, rather than employment. The intake of hard liquor is the most sensitive to the state of the macroeconomy. There is no evidence, however, that fluctuations in economic conditions have a disproportionate impact on the drunk-driving of young adults.
本研究调查了宏观经济状况与两个与酒精相关的结果之间的关系——酒类消费和高速公路车辆死亡人数。对1975 - 1988年期间48个毗邻州估计了固定效应模型。酒精消费和交通死亡人数呈顺周期变化，经济衰退影响的很大一部分归因于收入减少，而非就业。烈性酒的摄入量对宏观经济状况最为敏感。然而，没有证据表明经济状况的波动对年轻人酒后驾车有不成比例的影响。
