Dejmek J, Selevan S G, Benes I, Solanský I, Srám R J
Laboratory of Genetic Ecotoxicology, Regional Institute of Hygiene of Central Bohemia and Institute of Experimental Medicine, Prague, Vídeñská, Czech Republic.
Environ Health Perspect. 1999 Jun;107(6):475-80. doi: 10.1289/ehp.99107475.
Prior studies reported an association between ambient air concentrations of total suspended particles and SO2 during pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcomes. We examined the possible impact of particulate matter up to 10 microm (PM10) and up to 2.5 microm (PM2. 5) in size on intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) risk in a highly polluted area of Northern Bohemia (Teplice District). The study group includes all singleton full-term births of European origin over a 2-year period in the Teplice District. Information on reproductive history, health, and lifestyle was obtained from maternal questionnaires. The mean concentrations of pollutants for each month of gestation were calculated using continuous monitoring data. Three intervals (low, medium, and high) were constructed for each pollutant (tertiles). Odds ratios (ORs) for IUGR for PM10 and PM2.5 levels were generated using logistic regression for each month of gestation after adjustment for potential confounding factors. Adjusted ORs for IUGR related to ambient PM10 levels in the first gestational month increased along the concentration intervals: medium 1.62 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.07-2.46], high 2.64 (CI, 1.48-4.71). ORs for PM2.5 were 1.26 (CI, 0.81-1.95) and 2.11 (CI, 1. 20-3.70), respectively. No other associations of IUGR risk with particulate matter were found. Influence of particles or other associated air pollutants on fetal growth in early gestation is one of several possible explanations of these results. Timing of this effect is compatible with a current hypothesis of IUGR pathogenesis. Seasonal factors, one of the other possible explanations, is less probable. More investigation is required to examine these findings and alternative explanations.
先前的研究报告称，孕期环境空气中总悬浮颗粒物和二氧化硫的浓度与不良妊娠结局之间存在关联。我们在北波希米亚（特普利采区）的一个高污染地区，研究了粒径达10微米（PM10）和达2.5微米（PM2.5）的颗粒物对宫内生长受限（IUGR）风险的可能影响。研究组包括特普利采区2年期间所有欧洲血统的单胎足月分娩。通过母亲问卷调查获取生殖史、健康状况和生活方式的信息。利用连续监测数据计算每个妊娠月份污染物的平均浓度。针对每种污染物（三分位数）构建了三个区间（低、中、高）。在对潜在混杂因素进行调整后，使用逻辑回归生成每个妊娠月份PM10和PM2.5水平的IUGR比值比（OR）。妊娠第一个月与环境PM10水平相关的IUGR调整后OR沿浓度区间增加：中等浓度时为1.62 [95%置信区间（CI），1.07 - 2.46]，高浓度时为2.64（CI，1.48 - 4.71）。PM2.5的OR分别为1.26（CI，0.81 - 1.95）和2.11（CI，1.20 - 3.70）。未发现IUGR风险与颗粒物的其他关联。颗粒物或其他相关空气污染物对妊娠早期胎儿生长的影响是这些结果的几种可能解释之一。这种影响的时间与当前IUGR发病机制的假设相符。季节性因素是其他可能的解释之一，但可能性较小。需要更多研究来检验这些发现及其他解释。
