Khokhryakov V, Suslova K, Aladova E, Vasilenko E, Miller S C, Slaughter D M, Krahenbuhl M P
Branch No. 1, Federal Research Center Biophysics Institute, Ozyorsk Chelyabinsk Region, Russia.
Health Phys. 2000 Jul;79(1):72-6. doi: 10.1097/00004032-200007000-00012.
Databases are being created that contain verified and updated dosimetry and worker history information for workers at the Mayak Production Association. Many workers had significant external and internal exposures, particularly during the early years (1948-1952) of operation. These dosimetric and worker history data are to be used in companion epidemiology studies of stochastic and deterministic effects. The database contains both external and internal dose information and is being constructed from other databases that include radiochemical analyses of tissues, bioassay data, air sampling data, whole body counting data, and occupational and worker histories. The procedures, models, methods, and operational uncertainties will be documented and included in the database, technical reports, and publications. The cohort of the stochastic epidemiological study is expected to include about 19,000 persons while the cohort for the deterministic epidemiological study is expected to include about 600 persons. For external dosimetry, workplace gamma, beta, and neutron doses are being reconstructed. The models used for this incorporate issues such as known isotopes, composition, shielding, further analysis of film badge sensitivities, and records of direct measurements. Organ doses from external exposures are also being calculated. Methods for calculating dose uncertainties are being developed. For internal dosimetry, the organ doses have been calculated using the established FIB-1 biokinetic model. A new biokinetic model is being developed that includes more information of the solubility and biokinetics of the different chemical forms and particulate sizes of plutonium that were in the workplace. In addition, updated worker histories will be used to estimate doses to some workers where direct measurements were not made. A rigorous quality control procedure is being implemented to ensure that the correct dosimetry data is entering the various databases being used by the epidemiologists.
正在创建数据库，其中包含马亚克生产协会工人经过验证和更新的剂量测定及工作史信息。许多工人有显著的外部和内部暴露，尤其是在运营的早期（1948 - 1952年）。这些剂量测定和工作史数据将用于伴随的随机和确定性效应流行病学研究。该数据库包含外部和内部剂量信息，它是从其他数据库构建而成的，这些数据库包括组织的放射化学分析、生物测定数据、空气采样数据、全身计数数据以及职业和工作史。程序、模型、方法和操作不确定性将被记录并纳入数据库、技术报告和出版物中。随机流行病学研究的队列预计将包括约19000人，而确定性流行病学研究的队列预计将包括约600人。对于外部剂量测定，正在重建工作场所的伽马、贝塔和中子剂量。用于此的模型纳入了诸如已知同位素、成分、屏蔽、胶片徽章灵敏度的进一步分析以及直接测量记录等问题。也正在计算外部暴露的器官剂量。正在开发计算剂量不确定性的方法。对于内部剂量测定，已使用既定的FIB - 1生物动力学模型计算器官剂量。正在开发一种新的生物动力学模型，该模型包含工作场所中钚的不同化学形式和颗粒大小的溶解度及生物动力学的更多信息。此外，更新后的工作史将用于估计一些未进行直接测量的工人的剂量。正在实施严格的质量控制程序，以确保正确的剂量测定数据进入流行病学家使用的各种数据库。
