Allen M W, Wilson M, Ng S H, Dunne M
Department of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Australia.
J Soc Psychol. 2000 Aug;140(4):405-22. doi: 10.1080/00224540009600481.
Following the claim by some anthropologists and sociologists that 1 symbolic meaning of meat is a preference for hierarchical domination (C. J. Adams, 1990; N. Fiddes, 1989; D. D. Heisley, 1990; J. Twigg, 1983), the authors compared the values and beliefs of vegetarians and omnivores in 2 studies conducted in New Zealand. They compared the full range of vegetarians and omnivores on right-wing authoritarianism, social dominance orientation, human values, and consumption values. The participants tending toward omnivorism differed from those leaning toward veganism and vegetarianism in 2 principal ways: The omnivores (a) were more likely to endorse hierarchical domination and (b) placed less importance on emotional states. Accordingly, the acceptance or rejection of meat co-varied with the acceptance or rejection of the values associated with meat; that finding suggests that individuals consume meat and embrace its symbolism in ways consistent with their self-definitions.
一些人类学家和社会学家认为，肉类的象征意义是对等级制度统治的偏好（C. J. 亚当斯，1990年；N. 菲德斯，1989年；D. D. 海斯利，1990年；J. 特威格，1983年），在此观点之后，作者在新西兰进行的两项研究中比较了素食者和杂食者的价值观和信仰。他们在右翼威权主义、社会支配取向、人类价值观和消费价值观方面对各类素食者和杂食者进行了比较。倾向于杂食的参与者与倾向于纯素食和素食的参与者在两个主要方面存在差异：杂食者（a）更有可能认可等级制度统治，（b）对情绪状态的重视程度较低。因此，对肉类的接受或拒绝与对与肉类相关的价值观的接受或拒绝共同变化；这一发现表明，个体以与其自我定义相一致的方式消费肉类并接受其象征意义。
