Rodas G, Ventura J L, Cadefau J A, Cussó R, Parra J
Departamento de Ciencias Fisiologicas, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Barcelona, Spain.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2000 Aug;82(5-6):480-6. doi: 10.1007/s004210000223.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in aerobic and anaerobic metabolism produced by a newly devised short training programme. Five young male volunteers trained daily for 2 weeks on a cycle ergometer. Sessions consisted of 15-s all-out repetitions with 45-s rest periods, plus 30-s all-out repetitions with 12-min rest periods. The number of repetitions was gradually increased up to a maximum of seven. Biopsy samples of the vastus lateralis muscle were taken before and after training. Performance changes were evaluated by two tests, a 30-s all-out test and a maximal progressive test. Significant increases in phosphocreatine (31%) and glycogen (32%) were found at the end of training. In addition, a significant increase was observed in the muscle activity of creatine kinase (44%), phosphofructokinase (106%), lactate dehydrogenase (45%), 3-hydroxy-acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (60%) and citrate synthase (38%). After training, performance of the 30-s all-out test did not increase significantly, while in the maximal progressive test, the maximum oxygen consumption increased from mean (SD) 57.3 (2.6) ml x min(-1) x kg(-1) to 63.8 (3.0) ml min(-1) x kg(-1), and the maximum load from 300 (11) W to 330 (21) W; all changes were significant. In conclusion, this new protocol, which utilises short durations, high loads and long recovery periods, seems to be an effective programme for improving the enzymatic activities of the energetic pathways in a short period of time.
本研究的目的是评估一项新设计的短期训练计划所产生的有氧和无氧代谢变化。五名年轻男性志愿者每天在自行车测力计上训练2周。训练课程包括15秒全力重复训练，休息45秒，外加30秒全力重复训练，休息12分钟。重复次数逐渐增加，最多达到7次。在训练前后采集股外侧肌的活检样本。通过两项测试评估性能变化，即30秒全力测试和最大渐进测试。训练结束时发现磷酸肌酸（31%）和糖原（32%）显著增加。此外，还观察到肌酸激酶（44%）、磷酸果糖激酶（106%）、乳酸脱氢酶（45%）、3-羟基酰基辅酶A脱氢酶（60%）和柠檬酸合酶（38%）的肌肉活性显著增加。训练后，30秒全力测试的性能没有显著提高，而在最大渐进测试中，最大耗氧量从平均（标准差）57.3（2.6）毫升·分钟-1·千克-1增加到63.8（3.0）毫升·分钟-1·千克-1，最大负荷从300（11）瓦增加到330（21）瓦；所有变化均具有显著性。总之，这种采用短时间、高负荷和长恢复时间的新方案似乎是在短时间内提高能量代谢途径酶活性的有效方案。
