Ayduk O, Mendoza-Denton R, Mischel W, Downey G, Peake P K, Rodriguez M
Department of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, New York 10025, USA.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2000 Nov;79(5):776-92. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.79.5.776.
People high in rejection sensitivity (RS) anxiously expect rejection and are at risk for interpersonal and personal distress. Two studies examined the role of self-regulation through strategic attention deployment in moderating the link between RS and maladaptive outcomes. Self-regulation was assessed by the delay of gratification (DG) paradigm in childhood. In Study 1, preschoolers from the Stanford University community who participated in the DG paradigm were assessed 20 years later. Study 2 assessed low-income, minority middle school children on comparable measures. DG ability buffered high-RS people from interpersonal difficulties (aggression, peer rejection) and diminished well-being (e.g., low self-worth, higher drug use). The protective effect of DG ability on high-RS children's self-worth is explained by reduced interpersonal problems. Attentional mechanisms underlying the interaction between RS and strategic self-regulation are discussed.
高拒绝敏感性（RS）的人会焦虑地预期被拒绝，并且面临人际和个人困扰的风险。两项研究考察了通过策略性注意力部署进行自我调节在调节RS与适应不良结果之间联系中的作用。自我调节在童年时期通过延迟满足（DG）范式进行评估。在研究1中，20年后对来自斯坦福大学社区参与DG范式的学龄前儿童进行了评估。研究2对低收入少数族裔初中儿童进行了类似测量的评估。DG能力缓冲了高RS人群的人际困难（攻击行为、同伴拒绝）并减少了幸福感下降（例如，低自我价值感、更高的药物使用）。人际问题的减少解释了DG能力对高RS儿童自我价值的保护作用。文中讨论了RS与策略性自我调节之间相互作用的潜在注意力机制。
