Raptopoulou-Gigi M, Orphanou E, Lalla T H, Lita A, Garifallos A
Fourth Medical Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece.
Eur J Epidemiol. 2001;17(3):263-6. doi: 10.1023/a:1017951605272.
The prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and the mother-to-child transmission of HCV were studied in 2408 pregnant women. Positive antiHCV were detected in 47 women (1.95%), 21 of whom (44.7%) were HCVRNA(+), but only seven had abnormal aminotransferases. Three/21 HCVRNA(+) women had an abortion. We lost contact with other 10 women. Thirty-four babies were tested for antiHCV, HCVRNA and levels of aminotransferases at birth and at the age of 6 and 12 months. AntiHCV were detectable in all babies at birth and these maternally acquired antibodies disappeared by the age of 12 months in all but two of who were infected with HCV. HCVRNA was detected at birth in one (6.25%) baby born out of 16 HCVRNA(+) mothers and this baby also had abnormal aminotransferases. However, HCVRNA was undetectable and aminotransferases returned to normal levels by the age of 6 months. In another baby born also from an HCVRNA(+) mother, the HCVRNA was detected for the first time at the age of 12 months. The HCV genotype from both babies was the same as their mother's. These results show that (a) the high prevalence in the group of pregnant women studied can possibly be attributed to the fact that 311/2408 (12.91%) of them came from the former eastern countries, where disposable syringes were not used but lately or were ex-drug addicts and (b) there is a low risk of perinatal mother-to-child transmission of HCV and this risk is related to the presence of HCVRNA in the carrier mother.
对2408名孕妇进行了丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染率及HCV母婴传播情况的研究。47名妇女（1.95%）抗HCV检测呈阳性，其中21名（44.7%）HCVRNA阳性，但只有7名转氨酶异常。21名HCVRNA阳性妇女中有3人流产。我们与其他10名妇女失去了联系。34名婴儿在出生时、6个月和12个月时接受了抗HCV、HCVRNA及转氨酶水平检测。所有婴儿出生时均可检测到抗HCV，除2名感染HCV的婴儿外，这些来自母体的抗体在12个月龄时均消失。16名HCVRNA阳性母亲所生的1名婴儿（6.25%）出生时检测到HCVRNA，该婴儿转氨酶也异常。然而，6个月龄时HCVRNA检测不到，转氨酶恢复正常水平。另1名同样由HCVRNA阳性母亲所生的婴儿，12个月龄时首次检测到HCVRNA。两名婴儿的HCV基因型均与其母亲相同。这些结果表明：（a）在所研究的孕妇群体中感染率较高，这可能归因于2408名孕妇中有311名（12.91%）来自前苏联国家，这些国家以前不使用一次性注射器或最近才开始使用，或者她们曾是吸毒者；（b）HCV母婴围产期传播风险较低，且这种风险与携带HCVRNA的母亲有关。
