Vojta Patrick J, Friedman Warren, Marker David A, Clickner Robert, Rogers John W, Viet Susan M, Muilenberg Michael L, Thorne Peter S, Arbes Samuel J, Zeldin Darryl C
Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA.
Environ Health Perspect. 2002 May;110(5):527-32. doi: 10.1289/ehp.02110527.
From July 1998 to August 1999, the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences conducted the first National Survey of Lead and Allergens in Housing. The purpose of the survey was to assess children's potential household exposure to lead, allergens, and bacterial endotoxins. We surveyed a sample of 831 homes, representing 96 million permanently occupied, noninstitutional housing units that permit resident children. We administered questionnaires to household members, made home observations, and took environmental samples. This article provides general background information on the survey, an overview of the survey design, and a description of the data collection and laboratory methods pertaining to the allergen and endotoxin components. We collected dust samples from a bed, the bedroom floor, a sofa or chair, the living room floor, the kitchen floor, and a basement floor and analyzed them for cockroach allergen Bla g 1, the dust mite allergens Der f 1 and Der p 1, the cat allergen Fel d 1, the dog allergen Can f 1, the rodent allergens Rat n 1 and mouse urinary protein, allergens of the fungus Alternaria alternata, and endotoxin. This article provides the essential context for subsequent reports that will describe the prevalence of allergens and endotoxin in U.S. households, their distribution by various housing characteristics, and their associations with allergic diseases such as asthma and rhinitis.
1998年7月至1999年8月，美国住房和城市发展部与国家环境卫生科学研究所开展了首次全国住房铅与过敏原调查。该调查的目的是评估儿童在家庭中接触铅、过敏原和细菌内毒素的潜在情况。我们对831户家庭进行了抽样调查，这些家庭代表了9600万个允许儿童居住的永久性非机构住房单元。我们向家庭成员发放了问卷，对房屋进行了观察，并采集了环境样本。本文提供了该调查的一般背景信息、调查设计概述以及与过敏原和内毒素成分相关的数据收集和实验室方法的描述。我们从床、卧室地板、沙发或椅子、客厅地板、厨房地板和地下室地板采集了灰尘样本，并对其进行分析，检测其中的蟑螂过敏原Bla g 1、尘螨过敏原Der f 1和Der p 1、猫过敏原Fel d 1、狗过敏原Can f 1、啮齿动物过敏原Rat n 1和小鼠尿蛋白、链格孢菌过敏原以及内毒素。本文为后续报告提供了必要的背景信息，后续报告将描述美国家庭中过敏原和内毒素的流行情况、它们按各种住房特征的分布情况以及它们与哮喘和鼻炎等过敏性疾病的关联。
