Mota Jorge, Esculcas Carlos
Research Centre in Physical Activity and Leisure Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Porto, Portugal.
Int J Behav Med. 2002;9(2):111-21. doi: 10.1207/s15327558ijbm0902_03.
The main goals of this cross-sectional survey were (a) to describe the associations between sex, age, and physical activity behavior and (b) to describe the age and sex-related associations with the choice of structured (formal) and unstructured (nonformal) physical activity programs. At baseline, data were selected randomly from 1,013 students, from the 7th to the 12th grades. A response rate of 73% (n = 739) was obtained. Accordingly, the sample of this study consisted of 594 adolescents (304 females and 290 males) with mean age of 15.9 years (range 13-20). Physical activity was assessed by means of a questionnaire. A questionnaire about leisure activities was applied to the sample to define the nominal variable "nature of physical activity." The data showed that significantly more girls than boys (p < or = .001) belonged to the sedentary group (80.7% girls) and low activity group (64.5% girls). Boys more frequently belonged to the more active groups (92.1%; p < or = .001). The older participants were more engaged in formal physical activities, whereas the younger mostly chose informal ones whatever their level of physical activity. There were more significant differences in girls' physical activity groups (chi 2 = 20.663, p < or = .001) than in boys' (chi 2 = 7.662, p < or = .05). Furthermore, active girls chose more structured physical activities than their sedentary counterparts (18.8% vs. 83.3%). However, boys preferred unstructured activities regardless of physical activity group (83.7% vs. 58.5%; p < or = .05). It can be concluded that as age increased, organized sports activities became a relatively more important component of total weekly activity for both male and female participants.
（a）描述性别、年龄与身体活动行为之间的关联；（b）描述与结构化（正式）和非结构化（非正式）体育活动项目选择相关的年龄和性别关联。在基线时，从7至12年级的1013名学生中随机选取数据。获得了73%（n = 739）的回复率。因此，本研究样本包括594名青少年（304名女性和290名男性），平均年龄为15.9岁（范围13 - 20岁）。通过问卷调查评估身体活动情况。对样本应用了一份关于休闲活动的问卷，以定义名义变量“体育活动性质”。数据显示，久坐不动组（80.7%为女孩）和低活动组（64.5%为女孩）中的女孩显著多于男孩（p≤0.001）。男孩更频繁地属于更活跃的组（92.1%；p≤0.001）。年龄较大的参与者更多地参与正式体育活动，而年龄较小的参与者无论其身体活动水平如何大多选择非正式活动。女孩身体活动组之间的显著差异（χ² = 20.663，p≤0.001）比男孩（χ² = 7.662，p≤0.05）更多。此外，活跃女孩比久坐不动的女孩选择更多结构化体育活动（18.8%对83.3%）。然而，无论身体活动组如何，男孩都更喜欢非结构化活动（83.7%对58.5%；p≤0.05）。可以得出结论，随着年龄增长，有组织的体育活动对男性和女性参与者而言都成为每周总活动中相对更重要的组成部分。
