Macrae C Neil, Roseveare Tamsin A
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, USA.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2002 Sep;9(3):611-4. doi: 10.3758/bf03196320.
Previous research has demonstrated that the act of remembering can prompt the temporary suppression of related items in memory-that is, retrieval-induced forgetting (Anderson, Bjork, & Bjork, 1994). In extending work of this kind, the present research sought to identify some important boundary conditions of this effect. As expected, temporary forgetting was eliminated under task conditions that elicited distinctive encoding operations-specifically, when material was relevant to the self. This result is noteworthy since it identifies spontaneous processing operations that protect information from temporary forgetting, a finding that has important implications both for the emergence of this inhibitory effect in everyday life and for theoretical treatments of memory function.
先前的研究表明，记忆行为能够促使对记忆中相关项目的暂时抑制——也就是说，检索诱发遗忘（安德森、比约克和比约克，1994年）。在拓展此类研究工作时，本研究试图确定这种效应的一些重要边界条件。正如预期的那样，在引发独特编码操作的任务条件下，即当材料与自我相关时，暂时遗忘被消除了。这一结果值得注意，因为它识别出了能保护信息不被暂时遗忘的自发加工操作，这一发现对于这种抑制效应在日常生活中的出现以及记忆功能的理论处理都具有重要意义。
