Mulligan Neil W
Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas, USA.
Mem Cognit. 2002 Sep;30(6):850-61. doi: 10.3758/bf03195771.
Generating stimuli at encoding typically improves memory for occurrence (item memory) but might disrupt memory for order. In three experiments, the relationship between generation and order memory was examined by using familiar stimuli, which give rise to the standard generation advantage in item memory, and unfamiliar stimuli, which do not. The participants generated or read words and non-words in Experiments 1 and 2 and familiar and unfamiliar word compounds in Experiment 3. For the familiar stimuli, generation enhanced item memory (as measured by recognition) but disrupted performance on the order-reconstruction test. For the unfamiliar stimuli, generation produced no recognition advantage and yet persisted in disrupting order reconstruction. Thus, the positive effects of generation on item memory were dissociated from its negative impact on order memory.
在编码时生成刺激通常会提高对事件发生的记忆（项目记忆），但可能会干扰对顺序的记忆。在三个实验中，通过使用熟悉刺激（在项目记忆中产生标准的生成优势）和不熟悉刺激来检验生成与顺序记忆之间的关系。在实验1和实验2中，参与者生成或阅读单词和非单词，在实验3中生成或阅读熟悉和不熟悉的复合词。对于熟悉刺激，生成增强了项目记忆（通过识别来衡量），但干扰了顺序重建测试的表现。对于不熟悉刺激，生成没有产生识别优势，但仍持续干扰顺序重建。因此，生成对项目记忆的积极影响与其对顺序记忆的负面影响是分离的。
