Morgan John M, Horton Kirsten, Reese Dana, Carey Christina, Walker Kalen, Capuzzi David M
Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pa 19107, USA.
Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2002 Oct;72(5):341-7. doi: 10.1024/0300-9831.72.5.341.
Serum components, such as lipoproteins, coagulation factors (factor VII, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), fibrinogen), and homocysteine have been associated with cardiovascular disease. Dietary intervention with a low-fat, low-cholesterol diet has favorably influenced cardiovascular disease and certain food, specifically the consumption of nuts, has been associated with reduced cardiovascular risks. The effects of walnuts, as part of a low-fat, low-cholesterol diet, on serum cardiovascular risk factors were determined. Sixty-seven (67) outpatients with borderline high total cholesterol following a low-fat, low-cholesterol diet for six weeks before being randomly assigned to continue the diet or have 64 grams/day of walnuts in conjunction with the diet. After six weeks, the patients' diets were switched. Therefore, all patients consumed 64 grams/day of walnuts for six weeks during part of the trial as part of a low-fat, low cholesterol diet. Serum lipids demonstrated a significant reduction in triacyglycerols and favorable trend with decreases in total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and a slight increase in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. No statistical effects on homocysteine or the coagulation factors were observed. However, there was a slight favorable trend for tPA and PAI-1. This study demonstrated that walnuts, when consumed as part of a low fat, low-cholesterol diet, have a beneficial effect on serum cardiovascular risk factors. However, these changes may not explain all of the beneficial effects that walnut consumption has on cardiovascular disease.
血清成分，如脂蛋白、凝血因子（因子VII、组织型纤溶酶原激活剂（tPA）、纤溶酶原激活剂抑制剂-1（PAI-1）、纤维蛋白原）和同型半胱氨酸与心血管疾病有关。低脂、低胆固醇饮食的饮食干预对心血管疾病有积极影响，某些食物，特别是坚果的摄入与降低心血管风险有关。研究了作为低脂、低胆固醇饮食一部分的核桃对血清心血管危险因素的影响。67名门诊患者在进行了六周的低脂、低胆固醇饮食后，总胆固醇处于临界高水平，然后被随机分配继续该饮食或每天食用64克核桃并结合该饮食。六周后，患者的饮食进行了切换。因此，在试验的一部分时间里，所有患者作为低脂、低胆固醇饮食的一部分，每天食用64克核桃，为期六周。血清脂质显示甘油三酯显著降低，总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）胆固醇降低呈现有利趋势，高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇略有升高。未观察到对同型半胱氨酸或凝血因子的统计学影响。然而，tPA和PAI-1有轻微的有利趋势。这项研究表明，当作为低脂、低胆固醇饮食的一部分食用时，核桃对血清心血管危险因素有有益影响。然而，这些变化可能无法解释食用核桃对心血管疾病的所有有益影响。
