Manns J R, Clark R E, Squire L
University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci. 2001 Jun;1(2):192-8. doi: 10.3758/cabn.1.2.192.
We examined the importance of awareness for eyeblink conditioning by directly comparing single-cue delay eyeblink conditioning and single-cue trace eyeblink conditioning. During single-cue delay conditioning, participants who became aware of the stimulus contingencies early in the conditioning session conditioned no better than those who became aware later in the session or did not become aware. Thus, the level of awareness was unrelated to the overall level of conditioning across the session. In contrast, awareness of the stimulus contingencies early in the session predicted the success of single-cue trace conditioning. These data, together with earlier findings, show that awareness is irrelevant to single-cue delay eyeblink conditioning but is critical for single-cue trace eyeblink conditioning. The findings from the present study are related to previous findings for differential (CS+ and CS-) eyeblink conditioning and awareness.
我们通过直接比较单线索延迟眨眼条件反射和单线索痕迹眨眼条件反射，研究了意识对眨眼条件反射的重要性。在单线索延迟条件反射过程中，在条件反射训练早期就意识到刺激关联性的参与者，其条件反射效果并不比在训练后期才意识到或未意识到的参与者更好。因此，意识水平与整个训练过程中的条件反射总体水平无关。相比之下，在训练早期对刺激关联性的意识可预测单线索痕迹条件反射的成功。这些数据与早期研究结果共同表明，意识与单线索延迟眨眼条件反射无关，但对单线索痕迹眨眼条件反射至关重要。本研究的结果与先前关于差异（CS+和CS-）眨眼条件反射及意识的研究结果相关。
